De Vogli R, Santinello M
International Centre for Health and Society, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Tob Control. 2005 Dec;14(6):389-95. doi: 10.1136/tc.2004.010611.
Research indicates that cigarette smoking is strongly associated with unemployment. However, little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms explaining this relationship. The aim of this study is to examine the role of psychosocial factors as potential mediators between unemployment and smoking.
4002 non-institutionalised, civilian adults living in the Veneto region of Italy.
The study was based on a computer assisted telephone interview (CATI). Linear by linear association tests were used to examine bivariate associations between unemployment, psychosocial factors, and smoking. Logistic regression models were developed to analyse the relationship between unemployment and smoking when adjusting for psychological factors.
The odds of smoking among the unemployed was 2.78 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68 to 4.62) greater than that of higher managers and professionals controlling for demographic factors. The relationship between unemployment and smoking weakened (odds ratio 2.41, 95% CI 1.43 to 4.05) when psychosocial factors were entered into the analysis. The odds of the inability to control important things in life was 1.39 times (95% CI 1.11 to 1.75) greater, and the odds of emotional isolation was 1.45 times (95% CI 1.06 to 1.99) greater, among smokers compared to non-smokers controlling, for all other factors.
Given that the data were cross sectional, firm conclusions cannot be drawn regarding the causal pathway connecting unemployment and smoking. However, this study suggests that psychosocial factors such as the inability to control and emotional isolation may be plausible mediators for the relationship.
研究表明吸烟与失业密切相关。然而，对于解释这种关系的潜在机制却知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨心理社会因素作为失业与吸烟之间潜在中介因素的作用。
居住在意大利威尼托地区的4002名非机构化平民成年人。
该研究基于计算机辅助电话访谈（CATI）。采用线性与线性关联检验来考察失业、心理社会因素和吸烟之间的双变量关联。建立逻辑回归模型以分析在调整心理因素后失业与吸烟之间的关系。
在控制人口统计学因素的情况下，失业者吸烟的几率比高级经理和专业人员高2.78倍（95%置信区间（CI）为1.68至4.62）。当将心理社会因素纳入分析时，失业与吸烟之间的关系减弱（优势比为2.41，95%CI为1.43至4.05）。在控制所有其他因素的情况下，吸烟者生活中无法控制重要事情的几率比不吸烟者高1.39倍（95%CI为1.11至1.75），情感孤立的几率比不吸烟者高1.45倍（95%CI为1.06至1.99）。
鉴于数据是横断面的，关于连接失业和吸烟的因果途径无法得出确凿结论。然而，本研究表明，诸如无法控制和情感孤立等心理社会因素可能是这种关系的合理中介因素。
