Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
J Res Health Sci. 2020 Oct 13;20(4):e00494. doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2020.28.
The financial burden of cigarette smoking on households' budget is not well documented in Iran. We aimed to identify the determinants of cigarette consumption and its financial burden among households in Iran.
A cross-sectional study.
A total of 39,864 Iranian's households from 31 provinces were included in the analysis. Data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics (age, sex, household size, education level, employment status, income and wealth index), living area, number of cigarettes smoked and cigarette expenditures for households were extracted from the 2016 Household Income and Expenditures Survey (HIES). Tobit model was used to identify the determinants of cigarette smoking frequency and expenditures among Iranian households.
The average number of cigarettes smoked and cigarettes expenditures by all household members was 85.25 cigarettes and US$ 2.64 per month. Living in urban areas, wealth index of households, household income, household size and low educational attainment of household members were positively associated with frequency and expenditures of cigarette smoking. Results also indicated increasing patterns in the number of cigarettes smoked and cigarettes expenditures from east to west of the country. East Azerbaijan, Hamadan, Markazi and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari provinces had higher cigarette smoking frequency and expenditures in Iran.
Tobacco control interventions in Iran should focus more on households living in urban areas and low-educated households. As the frequency of cigarette smoking was higher in the western region of Iran, comprehensive tobacco control policies should be adopted in western provinces.
伊朗的家庭预算中香烟消费的经济负担尚未得到充分记录。我们旨在确定伊朗家庭中香烟消费及其经济负担的决定因素。
横断面研究。
共有来自伊朗 31 个省份的 39864 户家庭纳入了分析。从 2016 年家庭收入和支出调查（HIES）中提取了家庭的社会人口统计学和社会经济特征（年龄、性别、家庭规模、教育水平、就业状况、收入和财富指数）、居住地区、家庭吸烟人数和香烟支出的数据。使用 Tobit 模型确定了伊朗家庭吸烟频率和支出的决定因素。
所有家庭成员平均吸烟 85.25 支香烟，每月支出 2.64 美元。居住在城市地区、家庭财富指数、家庭收入、家庭规模和家庭成员教育程度较低与吸烟频率和支出呈正相关。结果还表明，从伊朗东部到西部，吸烟支数和香烟支出呈递增模式。东阿塞拜疆、哈马丹、马赞德兰和恰哈马哈尔和巴赫蒂亚里省的吸烟频率和支出较高。
伊朗的烟草控制干预措施应更多地关注居住在城市地区和受教育程度较低的家庭。由于伊朗西部地区的吸烟频率较高，应在西部省份采取全面的烟草控制政策。
