Vennewald Irina, Wollina Uwe
Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Dresden, Germany.
Clin Dermatol. 2005 Nov-Dec;23(6):565-71. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2005.01.003.
Molds are quite more often suspected as pathogens by the public than by the medical care community. Molds may, however, cause serious medical problems, and mold infections can develop incognito. Among the mycoses caused by opportunistic molds, alternariosis and fusariosis together with aspergillosis are of particular importance. They are more common than other groups with pathological characteristics. The aim of our presentation is to demonstrate the important role of common molds as causative agents in skin and ear infections. The clinical picture, etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment, and course and prognosis of cutaneous infections will be given. The spectrum of clinical symptoms ranges from eczemalike lesions to chronic erythematous, verrucous lesions of the skin or multiple acute infiltrations of the dermis, occasionally forming abscesses. The mycologic direct preparation of the specimens, particularly with optical brighteners, and a histological examination of a skin biopsy are strongly recommended. The outbreak of cutaneous infections is triggered by weakened host defense mechanisms. A review of the literature regarding immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients will be given.
与医疗界相比，公众更常怀疑霉菌是病原体。然而，霉菌可能会引发严重的医学问题，并且霉菌感染可能在不知不觉中发展。在由机会性霉菌引起的真菌病中，交链孢霉病、镰刀菌病以及曲霉菌病尤为重要。它们比其他具有病理特征的类别更为常见。我们此次报告的目的是展示常见霉菌作为皮肤和耳部感染病原体的重要作用。将阐述皮肤感染的临床表现、病因与发病机制、诊断与治疗以及病程与预后。临床症状范围从湿疹样病变到皮肤的慢性红斑、疣状病变或真皮的多处急性浸润，偶尔形成脓肿。强烈建议对标本进行真菌直接制片，尤其是使用荧光增白剂，并对皮肤活检进行组织学检查。皮肤感染的爆发是由宿主防御机制减弱引发的。将对有关免疫抑制和免疫功能正常患者的文献进行综述。
