Besra G S, McNeil M R, Brennan P J
Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
Biochemistry. 1992 Jul 21;31(28):6504-9. doi: 10.1021/bi00143a021.
Mycobacterium fortuitum, biovar, fortuitum, the cause of serious skin and soft-tissue infections, can be differentiated from M. fortuitum, biovar. peregrinum, and other rapidly growing opportunistic mycobacteria by the presence of a unique antigenic glycolipid. The glycolipid is among the simplest of the acyl-trehalose-containing lipooligosaccharide class. The application of 1H and 13C NMR, methylation analysis, FAB/MS, and other procedures demonstrated the structure, beta-D-Glcp-(1----6)-2-O-acyl-alpha-D-Glcp-(1 in equilibrium with 1)-3,4,6-tri-O-acyl-alpha-D-Glcp. Thus, practically all environmental mycobacteria, many of them opportunistic pathogens, can be differentiated serologically and chemically on the basis of unique sugar arrangements within a few classes of glycolipids. The simplicity of the structure in M. fortuitum fortuitum combined with the distinct roughness of the parent strain raises the intriguing possibility that it is a spontaneous rough variant of the other mycobacteria with more elaborate glycolipids.
偶然分枝杆菌，生物变种偶然分枝杆菌，是严重皮肤和软组织感染的病原体，可通过一种独特的抗原性糖脂与偶然分枝杆菌生物变种外来分枝杆菌及其他快速生长的机会性分枝杆菌相区分。该糖脂是含酰基海藻糖的脂寡糖类别中最简单的一种。1H和13C核磁共振、甲基化分析、快原子轰击质谱及其他方法的应用确定了其结构，即β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-2-O-酰基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1与1处于平衡状态)-3,4,6-三-O-酰基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖。因此，实际上所有环境分枝杆菌，其中许多是机会性病原体，都可根据几类糖脂中独特的糖排列进行血清学和化学鉴别。偶然分枝杆菌结构的简单性，再加上亲本菌株明显的粗糙性，引发了一种有趣的可能性，即它是其他具有更复杂糖脂的分枝杆菌的自发粗糙变体。
