Hamid Mohamed E
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 641, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia.
Vet Med Int. 2014;2014:247906. doi: 10.1155/2014/247906. Epub 2014 Apr 30.
Mycobacterium farcinogenes and M. senegalense are the causal agents of bovine farcy, a chronic, progressive disease of the skin and lymphatics of zebu cattle. The disease, which is prevalent mainly in sub-Saharan Africa, was in earlier times thought to be caused by Nocardia farcinica and can be described as one of the neglected diseases in cattle. Some aspects of the disease have been investigated during the last five decades but the major development had been in the bacteriological, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic aspects. Molecular analyses confirmed that M. farcinogenes and M. senegalense fall in a subclade together with M. houstonense and M. fortuitum. This subclade is closely related to the one accommodating M. peregrinum, M. porcinum, M. septicum, M. neworleansense, and M. alvei. DNA probes were designed from 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer and could be used for the rapid diagnosis of bovine farcy. An ELISA assay has been evaluated for the serodiagnosis of the disease. The zoonotic potentials of M. farcinogenes and M. senegalense are unknown; few studies reported the isolation of M. senegalense and M. farcinogenes from human clinical sources but not from environmental sources or from other domestic or wild animals.
鼻疽分枝杆菌和塞内加尔分枝杆菌是牛鼻疽的病原体，牛鼻疽是一种发生在瘤牛皮肤和淋巴系统的慢性、进行性疾病。该病主要流行于撒哈拉以南非洲，早期被认为是由鼻疽诺卡菌引起的，可被描述为牛的被忽视疾病之一。在过去的五十年里，对该病的一些方面进行了研究，但主要进展集中在细菌学、化学分类学和系统发育方面。分子分析证实，鼻疽分枝杆菌和塞内加尔分枝杆菌与休斯顿分枝杆菌和偶然分枝杆菌一起属于一个亚分支。这个亚分支与包含 Peregrinum 分枝杆菌、猪分枝杆菌、败血分枝杆菌、新奥尔良分枝杆菌和蜂房分枝杆菌的亚分支密切相关。根据 16S - 23S rRNA 内部转录间隔区设计了 DNA 探针，可用于牛鼻疽的快速诊断。已经评估了一种 ELISA 检测方法用于该病的血清学诊断。鼻疽分枝杆菌和塞内加尔分枝杆菌的人畜共患病潜力尚不清楚；很少有研究报道从人类临床样本中分离出塞内加尔分枝杆菌和鼻疽分枝杆菌，但未从环境样本或其他家养或野生动物中分离到。
