Maki Pauline M
University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Cognitive Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, Illinois 60612, USA.
Int J Fertil Womens Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;50(2):67-71.
Basic science and clinical studies have investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of estrogen. One apparent area of convergence in these studies is the selective benefits of estrogen on cognitive tasks mediated by the hippocampus and frontal lobes. Findings in non-human primates parallel findings from neuroimaging and behavioral studies in humans and suggest that estrogen might influence memory tasks mediated by the hippocampus as well as working memory tasks mediated by the prefrontal cortex. This evidence provides a framework for the design of future hormone studies, wherein such tasks can serve as primary outcomes. In studies of symptomatic women, hormone therapy can benefit a broader range of cognitive domains, particularly effortful tests that are sensitive to remittance of dysphoria, sleep difficulty, and hot flushes. Serotonin might play a critical role in these potential indirect benefits, and therapies that target these symptoms, even those without estrogenic actions, might have indirect benefits on cognition.
基础科学和临床研究已经探究了雌激素潜在的神经保护作用。这些研究中一个明显的趋同领域是雌激素对由海马体和额叶介导的认知任务具有选择性益处。非人类灵长类动物的研究结果与人类神经影像学和行为学研究结果相似，表明雌激素可能会影响由海马体介导的记忆任务以及由前额叶皮层介导的工作记忆任务。这一证据为未来激素研究的设计提供了一个框架，其中这些任务可作为主要研究结果。在有症状女性的研究中，激素疗法可使更广泛的认知领域受益，特别是对缓解烦躁不安、睡眠困难和潮热敏感的需要努力完成的测试。血清素可能在这些潜在的间接益处中起关键作用，针对这些症状的疗法，即使是那些没有雌激素作用的疗法，也可能对认知有间接益处。
