Hamilton J G C, Maingon R D C, Alexander B, Ward R D, Brazil R P
Chemical Ecology/Medical Entomology Group, Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
Med Vet Entomol. 2005 Dec;19(4):480-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00594.x.
Although the phlebotomine sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae) is generally accepted to be a species complex, it is unclear how many members there are, how they are related and which are the main vectors of leishmaniasis. The vectorial capacity of each sibling species is likely to differ, thus a means of identifying the most important vector species is of critical importance to the epidemiology and control of this debilitating disease in South and Central America. In Brazil four chemotypes have been distinguished by sex pheromone analysis. In this study the sex pheromone extracts of L. longipalpis from six regions of Brazil were analysed in detail. Samples included the sympatric 1-spot, 2-spot and intermediate spot morphotypes from Sobral, Ceará State. The results strongly suggest that members of the complex that produce different sex pheromones are reproductively isolated, thus strengthening the argument that the different chemotypes represent true sibling species. The study also found significant differences in morphology and the amounts of sex pheromone produced by members of each chemotype from different parts of Brazil, which suggests population substructuring that has not previously been recognized. Evidence of a fifth chemotype in Brazil is also presented.
尽管白蛉属的长须罗蛉（Lutzomyia longipalpis）（Lutz & Neiva，1912年）（双翅目：毛蠓科）通常被认为是一个物种复合体，但目前尚不清楚其中有多少成员、它们之间的关系如何以及哪些是利什曼病的主要传播媒介。每个姊妹种的传播能力可能不同，因此识别最重要的传播媒介物种的方法对于南美洲和中美洲这种使人衰弱疾病的流行病学和防控至关重要。在巴西，通过性信息素分析已区分出四种化学型。在本研究中，对来自巴西六个地区的长须罗蛉的性信息素提取物进行了详细分析。样本包括来自塞阿拉州索布拉尔的同域分布的1斑、2斑和中间斑形态型。结果有力地表明，产生不同性信息素的复合体成员在生殖上是隔离的，从而强化了不同化学型代表真正姊妹种的观点。该研究还发现，来自巴西不同地区的每个化学型成员在形态和产生的性信息素量上存在显著差异，这表明存在以前未被认识到的种群亚结构。文中还提供了巴西存在第五种化学型的证据。
