Ferguson D D
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Dis Esophagus. 2005;18(6):359-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2005.00516.x.
Patients with progressive or solid food dysphagia should be evaluated for the presence of an esophageal stricture. Barium esophagram and endoscopy can define strictures as benign or malignant. The majority of benign strictures are acid-related. Benign strictures are best managed by esophageal dilation with acid-suppressing medications if a peptic stricture is suspected. If dysphagia recurs, repeat dilation should be performed. There are a variety of interventions for refractory strictures which include injection of intralesional corticosteroids, temporary placement of self-expanding plastic stents and surgery.
患有进行性或固体食物吞咽困难的患者应评估是否存在食管狭窄。钡餐食管造影和内镜检查可将狭窄定义为良性或恶性。大多数良性狭窄与胃酸相关。如果怀疑是消化性狭窄，良性狭窄最好通过食管扩张并使用抑酸药物来处理。如果吞咽困难复发，应再次进行扩张。对于难治性狭窄有多种干预措施，包括病灶内注射皮质类固醇、临时放置自膨式塑料支架和手术。
