Goos Mirelle I M, Alberink Ivo B, Ruifrok Arnout C C
Netherlands Forensic Institute, 2490 AA, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Forensic Sci Int. 2006 Nov 10;163(1-2):10-7. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.11.004. Epub 2005 Dec 6.
A problem in forensic facial comparison of images of perpetrators and suspects is that distances between fixed anatomical points in the face, which form a good starting point for objective, anthropometric comparison, vary strongly according to the position and orientation of the camera. In case of a cooperating suspect, a 3D image may be taken using e.g. a laser scanning device. By projecting the 3D image onto a 2D image with the suspect's head in the same pose as that of the perpetrator, using the same focal length and pixel aspect ratio, numerical comparison of (ratios of) distances between fixed points becomes feasible. An experiment was performed in which, starting from two 3D scans and one 2D image of two colleagues, male and female, and using seven fixed anatomical locations in the face, comparisons were made for the matching and non-matching case. Using this method, the non-matching pair cannot be distinguished from the matching pair of faces. Facial expression and resolution of images were all more or less optimal, and the results of the study are not encouraging for the use of anthropometric arguments in the identification process. More research needs to be done though on larger sets of facial comparisons.
在对犯罪者和嫌疑人的面部图像进行法医面部比较时，一个问题是面部固定解剖点之间的距离，这些距离是客观人体测量比较的良好起点，但会因相机的位置和方向而有很大差异。对于配合的嫌疑人，可以使用例如激光扫描设备获取三维图像。通过将三维图像投影到二维图像上，使嫌疑人头部的姿势与犯罪者相同，使用相同的焦距和像素宽高比，固定点之间距离（的比率）的数值比较就变得可行。进行了一项实验，从两名男女同事的两次三维扫描和一张二维图像开始，使用面部七个固定的解剖位置，对匹配和不匹配的情况进行比较。使用这种方法，无法区分不匹配的面部对和匹配的面部对。面部表情和图像分辨率或多或少都是最佳的，并且该研究结果对于在识别过程中使用人体测量论据并不乐观。不过，需要对更大的面部比较数据集进行更多研究。
