Jones G Ll, Muller C T, O'Reilly M, Stickler D J
Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3TL, Wales, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006 Feb;57(2):266-72. doi: 10.1093/jac/dki447. Epub 2005 Dec 9.
To examine (i) the effect of triclosan on the formation of catheter biofilms by urinary tract pathogens and (ii) the diffusion of triclosan through the retention balloons of urinary catheters.
Models of the catheterized bladder were infected with eight different urinary tract pathogens and the effect of triclosan on biofilm formation was assessed by determining the numbers of viable cells colonizing the catheters and by scanning electron microscopy. HPLC was used to determine the triclosan concentration in urine draining from models that had been fitted with triclosan-inflated silicone catheters.
When catheters were inflated with triclosan (10 g/L) the formation of catheter biofilm by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis was prevented. The numbers of Enterococcus faecalis and Providencia stuartii cells colonizing catheters were also significantly reduced (P<0.05). Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, however, were able to produce extensive catheter biofilms in the presence of triclosan. Only P. mirabilis produced alkaline urine and encrusted the catheters. Concentrations of 0.02-0.16 mg/L of the biocide were detected in urine draining from the model over the 48 h experimental period.
Triclosan diffused through silicone catheter balloons and produced urinary concentrations that prevented catheter encrustation by P. mirabilis and biofilm formation by several other common pathogens of the catheterized urinary tract. It had little effect on urease-producing P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens or M. morganii but these species did not produce alkaline urine or crystalline biofilms.
（i）研究三氯生对尿路病原体形成导管生物膜的影响；（ii）研究三氯生在导尿管的潴留球囊中的扩散情况。
用8种不同的尿路病原体感染导尿膀胱模型，通过测定定植于导管上的活菌数量和扫描电子显微镜观察来评估三氯生对生物膜形成的影响。使用高效液相色谱法测定装有充入三氯生的硅胶导管的模型中排出尿液的三氯生浓度。
当导管充入三氯生（10 g/L）时，可防止大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和奇异变形杆菌形成导管生物膜。粪肠球菌和斯氏普罗威登斯菌在导管上定植的细胞数量也显著减少（P<0.05）。然而，在三氯生存在的情况下，粘质沙雷菌、摩根摩根菌和铜绿假单胞菌仍能产生大量的导管生物膜。只有奇异变形杆菌产生碱性尿液并使导管结痂。在48小时的实验期内，从模型中排出的尿液中检测到的杀菌剂浓度为0.02 - 0.16 mg/L。
三氯生可通过硅胶导管球囊扩散，并在尿液中产生一定浓度，从而防止奇异变形杆菌导致的导管结痂以及其他几种常见的导尿尿路病原体形成生物膜。它对产生脲酶的铜绿假单胞菌、粘质沙雷菌或摩根摩根菌影响较小，但这些菌种不会产生碱性尿液或结晶生物膜。
