Gryndler M, Larsen J, Hršelová H, Řezáčová V, Gryndlerová H, Kubát J
Institute of Microbiology CAS, Division of Ecology, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Integrated Pest Management, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Flakkebjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark.
Mycorrhiza. 2006 May;16(3):159-166. doi: 10.1007/s00572-005-0027-4. Epub 2005 Dec 9.
Effects of long-term mineral fertilization and manuring on the biomass of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were studied in a field experiment. Mineral fertilization reduced the growth of AMF, as estimated using both measurements of hyphal length and the signature fatty acid 16:1omega5, whereas manuring alone increased the growth of AMF. The results of AMF root colonization followed the same pattern as AMF hyphal length in soil samples, but not AMF spore densities, which increased with increasing mineral and organic fertilization. AMF spore counts and concentration of 16:1omega5 in soil did not correlate positively, suggesting that a significant portion of spores found in soil samples was dead. AMF hyphal length was not correlated with whole cell fatty acid (WCFA) 18:2omega6,9 levels, a biomarker of saprotrophic fungi, indicating that visual measurements of the AMF mycelium were not distorted by erroneous involvement of hyphae of saprotrophs. Our observations indicate that the measurement of WCFAs in soil is a useful research tool for providing information in the characterization of soil microflora.
在一项田间试验中研究了长期施用矿物肥料和粪肥对丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）生物量的影响。矿物肥料降低了AMF的生长，这是通过菌丝长度测量和标志性脂肪酸16:1ω5来估计的，而单独施用粪肥则增加了AMF的生长。AMF根系定殖结果与土壤样品中AMF菌丝长度的模式相同，但与AMF孢子密度不同，后者随矿物肥料和有机肥料施用量的增加而增加。土壤中AMF孢子数量与16:1ω5浓度没有正相关，这表明在土壤样品中发现的很大一部分孢子是死亡的。AMF菌丝长度与腐生真菌的生物标志物全细胞脂肪酸（WCFA）18:2ω6,9水平没有相关性，这表明对AMF菌丝体的目视测量没有因腐生菌菌丝的错误参与而失真。我们的观察表明，土壤中WCFA的测量是一种有用的研究工具，可用于提供土壤微生物群落特征方面的信息。
