Code R301, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903-5000.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Jun;55(6):1357-62. doi: 10.1128/aem.55.6.1357-1362.1989.
Seven gram-negative, aerobic bacteria were isolated from a mixed culture enriched for asphalt-degrading bacteria. The predominant genera of these isolates were Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Flavimonas, and Flavobacterium. The mixed culture preferentially degraded the saturate and naphthene aromatic fractions of asphalt cement-20. A residue remained on the surface which was resistant to biodegradation and protected the underlying asphalt from biodegradation. The most potent asphalt-degrading bacterium, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NAV2, excretes an emulsifier which is capable of emulsifying the saturate and naphthene aromatic fractions of asphalt cement-20. This emulsifier is not denatured by phenol.
从富含沥青降解菌的混合培养物中分离出 7 株革兰氏阴性需氧细菌。这些分离株的主要属为假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属、产碱杆菌属、黄单胞菌属和黄杆菌属。混合培养物优先降解沥青胶-20 的饱和烃和环烷烃芳烃馏分。表面残留的物质难以生物降解，并保护下面的沥青免受生物降解。最有效的沥青降解菌是醋酸钙不动杆菌 NAV2，它分泌一种乳化剂，能够乳化沥青胶-20 的饱和烃和环烷烃芳烃馏分。这种乳化剂不会被苯酚变性。
