Joormann Jutta, Hertel Paula T, Brozovich Faith, Gotlib Ian H
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2005 Nov;114(4):640-8. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.640.
The authors examined intentional forgetting of negative material in depression. Participants were instructed to not think about emotional nouns that they had learned to associate with a neutral cue word. The authors provided participants with multiple occasions to suppress the unwanted words. Overall, depressed participants successfully forgot negative words. Moreover, the authors obtained a clear practice effect. However, forgetting came at a cost: Compared with the nondepressed participants and with the depressed participants who were instructed to forget positive words, depressed participants who were instructed to forget negative words showed significantly worse recall of the baseline words. These results indicate that training depressed individuals in intentional forgetting could prove to be an effective strategy to counteract automatic ruminative tendencies and mood-congruent biases.
作者们研究了抑郁症患者对负面信息的有意遗忘。参与者被要求不要去想那些他们已学会与中性提示词相关联的情感性名词。作者们为参与者提供了多次机会来抑制这些不需要的词汇。总体而言，抑郁的参与者成功地遗忘了负面词汇。此外，作者们还获得了明显的练习效应。然而，遗忘是有代价的：与非抑郁参与者以及被要求遗忘正面词汇的抑郁参与者相比，被要求遗忘负面词汇的抑郁参与者对基线词汇的回忆明显更差。这些结果表明，训练抑郁症患者进行有意遗忘可能是一种有效的策略，以对抗自动的反刍倾向和情绪一致性偏差。
