Liberal Edson Ferreira, Aires Roberto Tschoepke, Aires Mariana Tschoepke, Osório Ana Carla de Albuquerque
Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005 Nov;81(5 Suppl):S155-63. doi: 10.2223/JPED.1404.
To review the strategies to make school a safe environment. The paper first addresses the social context of accidents and violence in the school environment, and makes recommendations, based on the literature data, for the implementation of safe schools.
Articles published between 1993 and 2005 in the MEDLINE database. Brazilian epidemiological and literature data have also been searched.
There is growing evidence that intervention has multiple components, focusing on health education practices, with the participation of the whole community. The aim of those interventions is to help students and community members to adopt healthy and safe behaviors. Schools are taking on an increasing role in health promotion, disease prevention, and injury prevention. In the context of prevention of external causes of morbidity and mortality, it is important to recognize a risky environment, places, and risk behaviors as favorable to injury and violence, as well as the concept of accident as something one can avoid.
Implementation of safe schools represents a promising new direction for school-based preventive work. It is important to note that a safe school should intervene not only in its physical structure, but it should also make it as safe as possible by gathering the school community through health education, and mainly encouraging healthy behavior.
回顾营造安全校园环境的策略。本文首先探讨学校环境中事故和暴力的社会背景，并根据文献数据，对实施安全校园提出建议。
1993年至2005年发表在MEDLINE数据库中的文章。同时也检索了巴西的流行病学和文献数据。
越来越多的证据表明，干预措施具有多个组成部分，侧重于健康教育实践，并需要整个社区的参与。这些干预措施的目的是帮助学生和社区成员采取健康和安全的行为。学校在健康促进、疾病预防和伤害预防方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。在预防发病和死亡的外部原因的背景下，重要的是要认识到危险的环境、场所和危险行为有利于伤害和暴力的发生，以及将事故视为可以避免的事情的观念。
实施安全校园是学校预防工作的一个有前途的新方向。需要注意的是，一个安全的学校不仅应该在其物理结构上进行干预，还应该通过健康教育凝聚学校社区，并主要鼓励健康行为，从而使其尽可能安全。
