Ergon M Cem, Yücesoy Mine
Dokuz Eylül Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Izmir.
Mikrobiyol Bul. 2005 Jul;39(3):309-18.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the distributions of yeast species according to the years and to detect the emerging pathogens in intensive care units (ICU). For this purpose, yeast isolation rates were detected retrospectively, in the following time periods: Period I: April-December 2001; period II: January-December 2002; period III: January-December 2003; period IV: January-December 2004. A total of 490 yeast isolates recovered from 462 clinical specimens obtained from 360 different ICU patients were investigated during these periods. Urine (62.1%), blood (13.6%) and tracheal aspirate (8.7%) samples were detected as the most common specimens. Of these isolates, 53.3% were identified as Candida albicans, 14.5% as C. tropicalis, 12.2% as C. glabrata, 6.5% as C. parapsilosis, 4.5% as Trichosporon spp., 3.9% as C. kefyr, 1.6% as C. krusei, 1.4% as Geotrichum candidum and 2.1% as other Candida species. The isolation rates of C. albicans in the periods of I to IV were found as 47.7%, 55.5%, 41.7% and 62.4%, respectively. The decrease between the second and third periods, and increase between third and fourth periods were statistically significant (chi2 = 4.15, p = 0.04 and chi2 = 8.32, p = 0.004). C. glabrata was the second most common species in the first and second periods (14.8% and 15.5%, respectively), followed by C. tropicalis (12.5% and 10.0%, respectively), however this array has changed in the third and fourth periods (C. tropicalis was the second with the rates of 16.7% and 16.8%, while C. glabrata placed in the third line with the rates of 14.8% and 7.6%, respectively). It was concluded that C. albicans has still been the most frequent species among yeast isolates of ICU's in our hospital; however, the incidence of non-albicans species like C. glabrata and C. tropicalis has increased.
本研究的目的是根据年份评估酵母菌种的分布情况，并检测重症监护病房（ICU）中出现的病原体。为此，我们回顾性检测了以下时间段内的酵母分离率：第一阶段：2001年4月至12月；第二阶段：2002年1月至12月；第三阶段：2003年1月至12月；第四阶段：2004年1月至12月。在这些时间段内，共对从360例不同ICU患者的462份临床标本中分离出的490株酵母进行了调查。尿液样本（62.1%）、血液样本（13.6%）和气管吸出物样本（8.7%）被检测为最常见的标本。在这些分离株中，53.3%被鉴定为白色念珠菌，14.5%为热带念珠菌，12.2%为光滑念珠菌，6.5%为近平滑念珠菌，4.5%为丝孢酵母属，3.9%为克柔念珠菌，1.6%为克鲁斯念珠菌，1.4%为白地霉，2.1%为其他念珠菌种。第一至第四阶段白色念珠菌的分离率分别为47.7%、55.5%、41.7%和62.4%。第二阶段和第三阶段之间的下降以及第三阶段和第四阶段之间的上升具有统计学意义（卡方=4.15，p=0.04；卡方=8.32，p=0.004）。光滑念珠菌在第一阶段和第二阶段是第二常见的菌种（分别为14.8%和15.5%），其次是热带念珠菌（分别为12.5%和10.0%），然而在第三阶段和第四阶段这种排列发生了变化（热带念珠菌以16.7%和16.8%的比例成为第二常见菌种，而光滑念珠菌分别以14.8%和7.6%的比例位列第三）。得出的结论是，白色念珠菌仍是我院ICU酵母分离株中最常见的菌种；然而，光滑念珠菌和热带念珠菌等非白色念珠菌种的发生率有所增加。
