Graf Rolf, Schiesser Marc, Reding Theresia, Appenzeller Philippe, Sun Li-Kang, Fortunato Franco, Perren Aurel, Bimmler Daniel
Pancreatitis Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Surg Res. 2006 Jun 15;133(2):113-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.09.030. Epub 2005 Dec 19.
Regenerating protein (reg) and pancreatic stone protein (PSP) have been discovered independently in the fields of diabetes and pancreatitis.
These proteins are identical; however, because of the gap between the endocrine and exocrine field, there was never a consensus and the nomenclature has not been rectified. Since the time of the initial discovery, more isoforms have been unified. Historically, PSP was discovered long before reg, yet, in many areas outside of the pancreatitis research field, reg is being used.
For PSP/reg, a role in proliferation and regeneration of islet cells has been postulated. A hitherto insufficiently understood phenomenon is the massive up-regulation of PSP/reg in pancreatic tissue and juice under conditions of stress. Similarly, PAP (pancreatitis-associated protein)/reg III has been attributed various functional roles. Structurally, the ability to form fibrils after tryptic cleavage is a striking common features of both proteins. However, this biochemical transformation is in itself not enough to gain functional insight. Thus, physiological and genetic approaches are required to further characterize the role of these proteins in the pancreas. Recently, more evidence has been presented in support of the theory that PSP/reg plays a key role in islet neogenesis/regeneration.
In this review we discuss the debate on the localization and functional roles of PSP/reg and PAP/regIII. Therefore, we have summarized hypotheses and experimental results supporting such hypotheses.
再生蛋白（reg）和胰石蛋白（PSP）分别在糖尿病和胰腺炎领域被发现。
这些蛋白是相同的；然而，由于内分泌和外分泌领域之间的差距，从未达成共识，命名也未得到纠正。自最初发现以来，更多的异构体已被统一。从历史上看，PSP比reg更早被发现，但在胰腺炎研究领域之外的许多领域，仍在使用reg。
对于PSP/reg，已推测其在胰岛细胞增殖和再生中起作用。一个迄今尚未充分理解的现象是，在应激条件下，胰腺组织和胰液中PSP/reg会大量上调。同样，胰腺炎相关蛋白（PAP）/reg III也具有多种功能作用。在结构上，经胰蛋白酶切割后形成纤维的能力是这两种蛋白显著的共同特征。然而，这种生化转变本身不足以深入了解其功能。因此，需要采用生理学和遗传学方法来进一步阐明这些蛋白在胰腺中的作用。最近，有更多证据支持PSP/reg在胰岛新生/再生中起关键作用这一理论。
在本综述中，我们讨论了关于PSP/reg和PAP/regIII的定位及功能作用的争论。因此，我们总结了支持此类假设的假说和实验结果。
