Juth Pernilla, Lundqvist Daniel, Karlsson Andreas, Ohman Arne
Karolinska Institute, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychology Section, Stockholm, Sweden.
Emotion. 2005 Dec;5(4):379-95. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.5.4.379.
In a face-in-the-crowd setting, the authors examined visual search for photographically reproduced happy, angry, and fearful target faces among neutral distractor faces in 3 separate experiments. Contrary to the hypothesis, happy targets were consistently detected more quickly and accurately than angry and fearful targets, as were directed compared with averted targets. There was no consistent effect of social anxiety. A facial emotion recognition experiment suggested that the happy search advantage could be due to the ease of processing happy faces. In the final experiment with perceptually controlled schematic faces, the authors reported more effective detection of angry than happy faces. This angry advantage was most obvious for highly socially anxious individuals when their social fear was experimentally enhanced.
在人群中面部识别的情境下，作者在3个独立实验中，研究了在中性干扰面孔中对照片重现的开心、愤怒和恐惧目标面孔的视觉搜索。与假设相反，开心目标面孔始终比愤怒和恐惧目标面孔被更快、更准确地检测到，直视的目标面孔与回避的目标面孔相比也是如此。社交焦虑没有一致的影响。一项面部表情识别实验表明，开心面孔的搜索优势可能源于处理开心面孔的容易程度。在最后一个使用感知控制的示意性面孔的实验中，作者报告称愤怒面孔比开心面孔的检测效果更好。当高度社交焦虑个体的社交恐惧在实验中增强时，这种愤怒优势最为明显。
