Harada Chikako, Mitamura Yoshinori, Harada Takayuki
Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
Prog Retin Eye Res. 2006 Mar;25(2):149-64. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2005.09.001. Epub 2005 Dec 27.
Idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs) in the macular region can cause a reduction in vision and sometimes recurs after surgical removal, but its pathogenic mechanisms are still unknown. On the other hand, the presence of secondary ERMs has been associated with various clinical conditions including proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Recent studies have shown a significant association between clinical grades of PDR or PVR, and the expression levels of specific cytokines and/or growth factors in the vitreous fluid. Expression of these factors and their receptors are also observed in secondary ERMs. ERMs are composed of many cell types such as retinal pigment epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, however the role of glial cells is yet unclear. Interestingly, glial cells in ERMs express some trophic factor receptors and transcription factors, such as NF-kappaB, suggesting an involvement of glial signal transduction in the pathogenesis of ERMs. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding the clinical and laboratory findings of ERMs.
黄斑区特发性视网膜前膜（ERM）可导致视力下降，手术切除后有时会复发，但其致病机制仍不清楚。另一方面，继发性ERM的存在与多种临床病症相关，包括增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）和增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）。最近的研究表明，PDR或PVR的临床分级与玻璃体液中特定细胞因子和/或生长因子的表达水平之间存在显著关联。在继发性ERM中也观察到这些因子及其受体的表达。ERM由许多细胞类型组成，如视网膜色素上皮细胞和血管内皮细胞，然而神经胶质细胞的作用尚不清楚。有趣的是，ERM中的神经胶质细胞表达一些营养因子受体和转录因子，如核因子κB，提示神经胶质信号转导参与了ERM的发病机制。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于ERM临床和实验室研究结果的最新进展。
