Liz-Marzán Luis M
Departamento de Química Física, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Langmuir. 2006 Jan 3;22(1):32-41. doi: 10.1021/la0513353.
Metal nanoparticles can be used as building blocks for the formation of nanostructured materials. For the design of materials with specific (optical) properties, several approaches can be followed, even when starting from the very same basic units. In this article, a survey is provided of the optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles, specifically gold, silver, and their combinations, prepared in solution through colloid chemical methods. The optical properties are shown to be mainly influenced by the surface plasmon resonance of conduction electrons, the frequency of which is not only determined by the nature of the metal but also by a number of other parameters, such as particle size and shape, the presence of a capping shell on the particle surface, or the dielectric properties of the surrounding medium. Recent results showing how these various parameters affect the optical properties are reviewed. The results highlight the high degree of control that can now be achieved through colloid chemical synthesis.
金属纳米颗粒可作为构建纳米结构材料的基本单元。对于具有特定（光学）性质的材料设计，即使从相同的基本单元出发，也可以采用几种方法。本文综述了通过胶体化学方法在溶液中制备的贵金属纳米颗粒，特别是金、银及其组合的光学性质。结果表明，光学性质主要受传导电子的表面等离子体共振影响，其频率不仅取决于金属的性质，还取决于许多其他参数，如颗粒大小和形状、颗粒表面包覆层的存在或周围介质的介电性质。本文还综述了近期关于这些不同参数如何影响光学性质的研究结果。这些结果突出了目前通过胶体化学合成能够实现的高度可控性。
