Viner Russell M, Haines Mary M, Head Jenny A, Bhui Kam, Taylor Stephanie, Stansfeld Stephen A, Hillier Sheila, Booy Robert
Department of Paediatrics, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, University College, London, United Kingdom.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Jan;38(1):55. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.09.017.
To investigate patterns of vulnerability and protection factors associated with risk behaviors and the co-occurrence of risk behaviors in minority ethnicity early adolescents.
Analysis of data from the Research with East London Adolescents Community Health Survey (RELACHS), a school-based study of a representative sample of 2789 adolescents age 11-14 in 2001 (sample 73% non-Caucasian, 21% born outside the United Kingdom). Questionnaire data were obtained on sociodemographic variables, ethnicity, smoking, drinking, drug use, psychological well-being, physical health, and social support from family and peers. Models of associations for each behavior and co-occurrence of risk behaviors (defined as engaging in > or = 2 behaviors) were developed by hierarchical stepwise logistic regression.
Two hundred ninety-two (10.9%) reported 1 risk behavior, 84 (3.1%) reported 2, and 25 (0.9%) reported 3 behaviors. In multivariate models, psychological morbidity was associated with higher risk of all behaviors and co-occurrence, while higher family support was associated with lower risk in all models. Non-Caucasian ethnicity was associated with lower risk of regular smoking and co-occurrence but not drinking or drugs. Birth outside the United Kingdom was associated with lower risk for individual behaviors but not co-occurrence. Religion and religious observance were associated with lower risk of smoking and drinking but not drug use or co-occurrence. Peer connectedness was associated with drug use, but with increased risk. Socioeconomic status was associated only with smoking.
Patterns of associations of personal, family, and environmental factors appear to differ between smoking, drinking, lifetime drug use, and the co-occurrence of these behaviors. Hypotheses regarding common factors related to health risk behaviors may be misleading in ethnic minorities and immigrants. Co-occurrence may represent a distinct behavioral domain of risk that is partly culturally determined.
调查少数族裔青少年早期与危险行为相关的易感性模式及保护因素，以及危险行为的共现情况。
对东伦敦青少年社区健康调查（RELACHS）的数据进行分析，这是一项2001年以学校为基础的研究，对2789名11至14岁青少年的代表性样本进行了调查（样本中73%为非白种人，21%出生于英国境外）。通过问卷调查获取了社会人口统计学变量、种族、吸烟、饮酒、吸毒、心理健康、身体健康以及来自家庭和同伴的社会支持等方面的数据。通过分层逐步逻辑回归建立了每种行为以及危险行为共现（定义为从事≥2种行为）的关联模型。
292人（10.9%）报告有1种危险行为，84人（3.1%）报告有2种，25人（0.9%）报告有3种行为。在多变量模型中，心理疾病与所有行为及共现的较高风险相关，而较高的家庭支持在所有模型中都与较低风险相关。非白种人与经常吸烟及共现的较低风险相关，但与饮酒或吸毒无关。出生于英国境外与个体行为的较低风险相关，但与共现无关。宗教信仰与吸烟和饮酒的较低风险相关，但与吸毒或共现无关。同伴联系与吸毒相关，但风险增加。社会经济地位仅与吸烟相关。
个人、家庭和环境因素的关联模式在吸烟、饮酒、终生吸毒以及这些行为的共现之间似乎有所不同。关于与健康风险行为相关的共同因素的假设在少数族裔和移民中可能会产生误导。共现可能代表一个独特的风险行为领域，部分由文化决定。
