Henning B, Stewart K, Zaman K, Alam A N, Brown K H, Black R E
Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1992 Jun;46(6):437-43.
Vitamin A deficiency has been postulated to increase childhood mortality, possibly through increasing the severity and case-fatality of infectious diseases like diarrhoea. A clinical trial was conducted to measure the effect of vitamin A therapy on the severity and duration of acute episodes of non-cholera, watery diarrhoea; 83 children with less than 48 h of illness were randomized to receive vitamin A (200,000 IU of retinyl palmitate) orally or placebo during hospitalization at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research in Bangladesh. The patients were similar initially with regard to age, nutritional status and severity of diarrhoea prior to admission. No adverse effects of vitamin A were detected. During hospitalization there were no differences between groups in duration of illness or stool output. Thus, vitamin A can be given safely during diarrhoeal illness to augment hepatic reserves and possibly provide a beneficial effect in regard to subsequent episodes of diarrhoea and other infections, but this supplementation should not be expected to have a therapeutic effect on a current episode.
维生素A缺乏被认为会增加儿童死亡率，可能是通过加重腹泻等传染病的严重程度和病死率来实现的。开展了一项临床试验，以测定维生素A疗法对非霍乱性水样腹泻急性发作的严重程度和持续时间的影响；在孟加拉国腹泻病研究国际中心住院期间，83名患病时间少于48小时的儿童被随机分为口服维生素A（20万国际单位棕榈酸视黄酯）组或安慰剂组。患者入院前在年龄、营养状况和腹泻严重程度方面最初相似。未检测到维生素A的不良反应。住院期间，两组在疾病持续时间或粪便排出量方面没有差异。因此，腹泻病期间可以安全地给予维生素A以增加肝脏储备，并可能对随后的腹泻发作和其他感染产生有益影响，但不应期望这种补充对当前发作有治疗作用。
