Karande Sunil, Kulkarni Madhuri
Learning Disability Clinic, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2005 Nov;72(11):961-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02731673.
Education is one of the most important aspects of human resource development. Poor school performance not only results in the child having a low self-esteem, but also causes significant stress to the parents. There are many reasons for children to under perform at school, such as, medical problems, below average intelligence, specific learning disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, emotional problems, poor socio-cultural home environment, psychiatric disorders and even environmental causes. The information provided by the parents, classroom teacher and school counselor about the child's academic difficulties guides the pediatrician to form an initial diagnosis. However, a multidisciplinary evaluation by an ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, counselor, clinical psychologist, special educator, and child psychiatrist is usually necessary before making the final diagnosis. It is important to find the reason(s) for a child's poor school performance and come up with a treatment plan early so that the child can perform up to full potential.
教育是人力资源开发最重要的方面之一。学业成绩不佳不仅会导致孩子自尊心低落,还会给父母带来巨大压力。孩子在学校表现不佳的原因有很多,比如健康问题、智力低于平均水平、特定学习障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍、情绪问题、不良的社会文化家庭环境、精神障碍甚至环境因素。家长、任课教师和学校辅导员提供的有关孩子学业困难的信息,有助于儿科医生做出初步诊断。然而,在做出最终诊断之前,通常需要眼科医生、耳鼻喉科医生、辅导员、临床心理学家、特殊教育工作者和儿童精神科医生进行多学科评估。找出孩子学业成绩不佳的原因并尽早制定治疗计划非常重要,这样孩子才能充分发挥潜力。