Dénes Zoltán
Országos Orvosi Rehabilitációs Intézet, Koponya-agysérültek Rehabilitációs Osztálya, Budapest.
Orv Hetil. 2005 Nov 20;146(47):2403-6.
There is a significant improvement in acute treatment and rehabilitation of patients with severe traumatic brain injury in the last 20 years.
Introduction of the rehabilitation result of patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated at Neurorehabilitation unit of the National Institute for Medical Rehabilitation.
Retrospective analysis of patients' data treated in the Neurorehabilitation unit 2002. year.
Data of 53 patients from the 165 severe traumatic brain injured patients treated in 2002. year were complete enough for analysis. The mean age of the patients was 30.6 (8-65) years. The interval between the time of injury and admission was 53 (21-120) days. The majority of patients injured in vehicular accidents (42/53). The length of stay in rehabilitation unit was 41 (8-92) days, but 20 patients were readmitted for further therapy (1-6 times) in these cases the hospitalization was 70 (8-206) days. The functional status of these patients was scored with Barthel Index (0-100). At the time of admission the mean score was: 25, at the time of discharge 50, one year after injury: 75. Twenty-two patients were independent one year after injury in performing daily activities. 35 patients became ambulatory at the time of discharge. 45 patients were discharged to their home, 6 patients had to be send back to the acute ward for observation serious complication.
Rehabilitation treatment of patients with severe traumatic brain injury is suggested in centers, where special team is available for the patients with multifunctional impairments. Nowadays, only one third of these patients are treated by rehabilitation centers in Hungary. Establishing new centers, development of the existing units, improvement the outpatient or community based rehabilitation facilities are suggested in order to improve the rehabilitation outcome of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
在过去20年中，重度创伤性脑损伤患者的急性治疗和康复有了显著改善。
介绍在国家医学康复研究所神经康复科接受治疗的重度创伤性脑损伤患者的康复结果。
对2002年在神经康复科接受治疗的患者数据进行回顾性分析。
2002年治疗的165例重度创伤性脑损伤患者中，53例患者的数据足够完整以供分析。患者的平均年龄为30.6岁（8 - 65岁）。受伤时间与入院时间间隔为53天（21 - 120天）。大多数患者因交通事故受伤（42/53）。在康复科的住院时间为41天（8 - 92天），但有20例患者再次入院接受进一步治疗（1 - 6次），在这些情况下住院时间为70天（8 - 206天）。这些患者的功能状态用巴氏指数（0 - 100）评分。入院时平均评分为：25分，出院时为50分，受伤一年后为75分。22例患者在受伤一年后能够独立进行日常活动。35例患者在出院时能够行走。45例患者出院回家，6例患者因严重并发症不得不返回急性病房观察。
建议在有专门团队为多功能受损患者服务的中心对重度创伤性脑损伤患者进行康复治疗。目前，匈牙利只有三分之一的此类患者由康复中心治疗。建议建立新的中心，发展现有科室，并改善门诊或社区康复设施，以提高重度创伤性脑损伤患者的康复效果。
