McCracken James T
Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66 Suppl 10:32-7.
Although currently no medication has been approved to treat autism spectrum disorders, survey data show that community practitioners are prescribing a broad range of medication treatments, including, but not limited to, antidepressants, stimulants, antipsychotics, alpha agonists, and anticonvulsants. Patients with autism spectrum disorders are also taking alternative treatments, including herbal remedies, immunologic treatments, and vitamin therapies, which may themselves produce side effects and/or create drug interactions with traditional medications. Although short-term data on the efficacy and safety of commonly prescribed treatments for autism spectrum disorders are increasing, few data are currently available on long-term treatment for autism spectrum disorders, but available studies and clinical experience can offer preliminary recommendations on the safety of and monitoring needs for the medications currently used for these disorders. Monitoring the safety and tolerability of drugs used in patients with these disorders should minimize the burden of side effects and optimize treatment outcome.
尽管目前尚无药物被批准用于治疗自闭症谱系障碍，但调查数据显示，社区医生正在开具广泛的药物治疗方案，包括但不限于抗抑郁药、兴奋剂、抗精神病药、α激动剂和抗惊厥药。自闭症谱系障碍患者也在接受替代疗法，包括草药疗法、免疫疗法和维生素疗法，这些疗法本身可能会产生副作用和/或与传统药物发生药物相互作用。尽管关于自闭症谱系障碍常用治疗方法的疗效和安全性的短期数据在不断增加，但目前关于自闭症谱系障碍长期治疗的数据很少，但现有研究和临床经验可以就目前用于这些疾病的药物的安全性和监测需求提供初步建议。监测这些疾病患者所用药物的安全性和耐受性应能将副作用负担降至最低，并优化治疗效果。
