Loughran S, Hilmi O, McGarry G W
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Clin Otolaryngol. 2005 Dec;30(6):539-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2005.01108.x.
Endoscopic ligation of the sphenopalatine artery (ESPAL) has recently become the treatment of choice for refractory epistaxis. This paper reviews the background, indications and potential complications of ESPAL. The main focus of this article is an online video tutorial on the anatomy and surgical technique of ESPAL. Web links lead to video clips of operative steps and therefore this paper should be read in front of a computer with access to the Internet. To study the techniques the links detailed below should be followed. (For computers running RealPlayer software the .wmv extension in each of these links should be replaced with the .rm extension.) * Incision, http://nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure3.wmv * Flap elevation, http://nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure4.wmv * Pedicle location, http://www.nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure5.wmv * Clip application, http://www.nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure6.wmv.
蝶腭动脉内镜结扎术（ESPAL）最近已成为难治性鼻出血的首选治疗方法。本文回顾了ESPAL的背景、适应证和潜在并发症。本文的主要重点是关于ESPAL解剖和手术技术的在线视频教程。网页链接可导向手术步骤的视频片段，因此本文应在可上网的电脑前阅读。要学习相关技术，请按照以下详细链接操作。（对于运行RealPlayer软件的计算机，这些链接中的每个.wmv扩展名应替换为.rm扩展名。）切口，http://nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure3.wmv皮瓣掀起，http://nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure4.wmv*蒂部定位，http://www.nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure5.wmv*夹子应用，http://www.nhsgg.org.uk/content/streams/Figure6.wmv。
