Glahn David C, Bearden Carrie E, Caetano Sheila, Fonseca Manoela, Najt Pablo, Hunter Kristina, Pliszka Steve R, Olvera Rene L, Soares Jair C
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Bipolar Disord. 2005 Dec;7(6):546-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00267.x.
Impaired verbal declarative memory has been proposed as a trait marker for adult bipolar disorder. However, similar impairments in juvenile-onset bipolar disorder have not been yet documented. Here, we assessed declarative memory in a large sample of clinically well-characterized children with bipolar disorder.
Forty-one children and adolescents with bipolar disorder [21 bipolar I disorder (BP-I), 10 bipolar II disorder (BP-II), and 10 bipolar disorder, not otherwise specified (BP-NOS)] and 17 demographically matched healthy participants completed a standardized learning and memory test.
BP-I children recalled and recognized significantly fewer words than healthy subjects, whereas children with BP-II and BP-NOS did not differ from controls. However, individuals with BP-NOS made more perseverative errors and intrusions than the other groups. Severity of mood symptomatology was not associated with memory performance in any bipolar subtype.
Findings suggest that declarative memory impairments in juvenile BP-I are similar to those seen in the adult form of the illness. These impairments do not appear to be secondary to clinical state; rather, they may reflect trait-related impairments. Distinct performance patterns in BP-I, BP-II, and BP-NOS suggest that the broadly defined phenotype is significantly heterogeneous, and may not be informative for pathogenetic investigations of bipolar disorder.
言语陈述性记忆受损已被提出作为成人双相情感障碍的一个特质标记。然而，青少年起病的双相情感障碍中类似的损害尚未被记录。在此，我们评估了一大群临床特征明确的双相情感障碍儿童的陈述性记忆。
41名患有双相情感障碍的儿童和青少年[21例双相I型障碍（BP-I），10例双相II型障碍（BP-II），以及10例未另行规定的双相情感障碍（BP-NOS）]和17名人口统计学匹配的健康参与者完成了一项标准化的学习和记忆测试。
BP-I儿童回忆和识别出的单词明显少于健康受试者，而BP-II和BP-NOS儿童与对照组没有差异。然而，BP-NOS个体比其他组犯了更多的持续性错误和侵入性错误。情绪症状的严重程度与任何双相情感障碍亚型的记忆表现均无关联。
研究结果表明，青少年BP-I中的陈述性记忆损害与该疾病成人形式中所见的损害相似。这些损害似乎不是临床状态的继发结果；相反，它们可能反映了与特质相关的损害。BP-I、BP-II和BP-NOS中不同的表现模式表明，宽泛定义的表型具有显著的异质性，可能对双相情感障碍的病因学研究没有帮助。
