Katz Howard M
Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute, USA.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2005 Fall;53(4):1205-34. doi: 10.1177/00030651050530041001.
The dreamer often portrays wishes, conflicts, or current problems in terms of visual-spatial representations and metaphors. The spatial dimensions of dreams frequently signify important affective themes of the dream. In doing so, they serve to continue or reflect processes of self-recognition in relation to the environment, processes that began in early childhood, when the developing child's experience of movement through space played a central role in organizing affect and motivation systems that contribute to emerging schemata of the self. Representations of that movement through space gradually grow to serve a broader symbolic function, as may be seen in the spatial dimensions of both play and dreaming. Spatial relations then become building blocks for aspects of metaphoric and abstract thinking. The resultant personal "geography," a constellation of physical imagery of a body moving through space, retains an important place in mental life as development unfolds. It is complemented and enhanced by the achievement of language, but it never recedes as a core aspect of self. Developmental and neurobiological observations suggest the clinical usefulness of heightened attention to this spatial aspect of dreams. Clinical examples illustrate how attention to the spatial arrangements of a dream and the dreamer's movement through space can enhance access to the affective tone and meaning of the dream.
做梦者常常通过视觉空间表征和隐喻来描绘愿望、冲突或当前的问题。梦的空间维度常常象征着梦的重要情感主题。这样做时，它们有助于延续或反映与环境相关的自我认知过程，这些过程始于幼儿期，当时发育中的儿童在空间中的移动体验在组织情感和动机系统方面发挥了核心作用，而这些系统有助于形成自我的新兴图式。通过空间的那种移动表征逐渐发展以发挥更广泛的象征功能，这在玩耍和做梦的空间维度中都可以看到。空间关系随后成为隐喻和抽象思维方面的构建要素。由此产生的个人“地理”，即身体在空间中移动的一系列身体意象，随着发展的展开，在心理生活中保留着重要地位。它因语言的成就而得到补充和增强，但它作为自我的核心方面永远不会消退。发展和神经生物学观察表明，提高对梦的这一空间方面的关注具有临床实用性。临床实例说明了关注梦的空间安排以及做梦者在空间中的移动如何能够增强对梦的情感基调及意义的理解。
