Hunt H T
Percept Mot Skills. 1982 Apr;54(2):559-633. doi: 10.1177/003151258205400203.
A classification-rating system for formal anomalies in dream experience focuses on the contribution a cognitive psychology of dream bizarreness might make to the question of whether dreaming is a form of thinking. In Part I, two traditional issues in the psychology of dreams--dreaming as "hallucination" and dreaming as symbolic thought--are connected via phenomenological method and cognitive theory. Parts II and III present the relatively infrequent categories of typical dream bizarreness and demonstrate that (a) in departing from realism dreaming tends toward a delirium--visual hallucinosis and cognitive clouding--and seems distinct from schizophrenic, psychedelic, or meditative states and (b) if dream anomalies show a symbolic transformation process, then the roots of that process are visual-spatial, not verbal-propositional.
一种针对梦境体验中形式异常的分类评级系统，聚焦于梦境怪诞性的认知心理学对于做梦是否为一种思维形式这一问题可能做出的贡献。在第一部分中，梦境心理学中的两个传统问题——做梦作为“幻觉”以及做梦作为象征思维——通过现象学方法和认知理论联系起来。第二部分和第三部分呈现了典型梦境怪诞性中相对少见的类别，并表明：(a) 在偏离现实主义方面，做梦倾向于一种谵妄状态——视觉幻觉和认知模糊——且似乎有别于精神分裂症、迷幻或冥想状态；(b) 如果梦境异常显示出一种象征转化过程，那么该过程的根源是视觉空间的，而非言语命题的。
