Cardinale E, Rose V, Perrier Gros-Claude J D, Tall F, Rivoal K, Mead G, Salvat G
Programme Productions Animales, CIRAD-EMVT, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
J Appl Microbiol. 2006;100(1):209-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02763.x.
The main objectives of this study were to investigate the diversity of Campylobacter genotypes circulating in Senegal and to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance.
Strains of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry (n = 99) and from patients (n = 10) and Campylobacter coli isolated from poultry (n = 72) were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The pulsotypes obtained after digestion by SmaI and KpnI revealed a significant genetic diversity in both species, but without any predominant pulsotypes. However, farm-specific clones were identified in the majority of poultry houses (76.5%). Human and poultry isolates of C. jejuni had common PFGE patterns. High quinolone-resistance rates were observed for C. jejuni (43.4%) and C. coli (48.6%) isolates obtained from poultry.
The results showed a genetic diversity of Campylobacter between farms indicating multiple sources of infection; but specific clones had the ability to colonize the broiler farms. The antimicrobial resistance patterns were not related to any specific PFGE pattern suggesting that resistance was due to the selective pressure of antibiotic usage. Campylobacter with similar genotypes were circulating in both human and poultry.
This study is important for the understanding of the epidemiology of Campylobacter in broiler farms in Senegal. It also emphasizes the need for a more stringent policy in the use of antimicrobial agents in food animals.
本研究的主要目的是调查塞内加尔空肠弯曲菌基因型的多样性，并确定抗生素耐药性的频率。
从家禽（n = 99）和患者（n = 10）中分离出的空肠弯曲菌菌株以及从家禽（n = 72）中分离出的结肠弯曲菌菌株通过脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）进行亚型分析。经SmaI和KpnI消化后获得的脉冲型显示这两个菌种均存在显著的遗传多样性，但没有任何优势脉冲型。然而，在大多数禽舍（76.5%）中鉴定出了特定养殖场的克隆株。空肠弯曲菌的人源和禽源分离株具有共同的PFGE图谱。从家禽中分离出的空肠弯曲菌（43.4%）和结肠弯曲菌（48.6%）分离株观察到高喹诺酮耐药率。
结果显示不同养殖场之间的空肠弯曲菌存在遗传多样性，表明存在多种感染源；但特定克隆株有能力在肉鸡养殖场定殖。抗菌药物耐药模式与任何特定的PFGE图谱均无关联，提示耐药性是由于抗生素使用的选择压力所致。基因型相似的空肠弯曲菌在人和家禽中均有传播。
本研究对于理解塞内加尔肉鸡养殖场中空肠弯曲菌的流行病学具有重要意义。它还强调了在食用动物中使用抗菌药物需要更严格政策的必要性。
