Thomsen S F, Ulrik C S, Kyvik K O, Larsen K, Skadhauge L R, Steffensen I E, Duffy D L, Backer V
Department of Internal Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Allergy. 2006 Feb;61(2):229-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01004.x.
The liability to asthma is influenced both by genetic and environmental factors. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for asthma in young adult twin pairs during an 8-year period.
From the birth cohorts 1953-1982 of the Danish Twin Registry, 6,090 twin pairs who were initially unaffected with respect to asthma at a nationwide questionnaire-based study in 1994 participated in a similar follow-up study in 2002. Subjects were regarded incident asthma cases when responding affirmatively to the question 'Do you have, or have you ever had asthma'? in 2002. Pairs in which only one twin developed asthma -- discordant pairs -- were identified and conditional logistic regression was applied to detect effects of risk factors.
A total of 126 monozygotic (MZ) and 273 dizygotic (DZ) discordant twin pairs were identified. In MZ twins hay fever (OR = 3.16, 95% CI: 1.29-7.73, P = 0.007) and exercise (OR for inactivity = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.13-0.91, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with asthma, whereas in DZ twins, hay fever (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.44-4.13, P = 0.001), eczema (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.02-3.78, P = 0.040), female sex (OR between males and females = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.80, P = 0.002), and increasing levels of body mass index (BMI; OR per unit = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02-1.20, P = 0.009) were significant predictors of asthma.
Hay fever, eczema, female sex, exercise and increasing levels of BMI were risk factors for asthma in young adults. The different risk profile observed in MZ twins compared with DZ twins may reflect an underlying genetic vulnerability shared between those risk factors and asthma.
哮喘易感性受遗传和环境因素影响。本研究的目的是确定8年间年轻成年双胞胎患哮喘的风险因素。
从丹麦双胞胎登记处1953 - 1982年出生队列中，选取在1994年全国性问卷调查中最初无哮喘的6090对双胞胎，参与2002年的类似随访研究。当受试者在2002年对“你是否患有或曾经患有哮喘？”这一问题回答为肯定时，被视为哮喘新发病例。确定只有一名双胞胎患哮喘的双胞胎对（不一致双胞胎对），并应用条件逻辑回归来检测风险因素的影响。
共确定了126对同卵双胞胎（MZ）和273对异卵双胞胎（DZ）不一致双胞胎对。在MZ双胞胎中，花粉症（比值比[OR] = 3.16，95%置信区间[CI]：1.29 - 7.73，P = 0.007）和运动（不运动的OR = 0.35，95% CI：0.13 - 0.91，P = 0.023）与哮喘显著相关，而在DZ双胞胎中，花粉症（OR = 2.44，95% CI：1.44 - 4.13，P = 0.001）、湿疹（OR = 1.96，95% CI：1.02 - 3.78，P = 0.040）、女性（男性与女性的OR = 0.54，95% CI：0.36 - 0.80，P = 0.002）以及体重指数（BMI）水平升高（每单位的OR = 1.11，95% CI：1.02 - 1.20，P = 0.009）是哮喘的显著预测因素。
花粉症、湿疹、女性、运动以及BMI水平升高是年轻成年人患哮喘的风险因素。与DZ双胞胎相比，MZ双胞胎中观察到的不同风险特征可能反映了这些风险因素与哮喘之间共同的潜在遗传易感性。
