Thomsen Simon Francis, Ulrik Charlotte Suppli, Kyvik Kirsten Ohm, von Bornemann Hjelmborg Jacob, Skadhauge Lars Rauff, Steffensen Ida, Backer Vibeke
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, and The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Respir Med. 2006 Dec;100(12):2177-82. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.03.013. Epub 2006 May 2.
The susceptibility to develop hay fever is putatively the result both of genetic and environmental causes. We estimated the significance and magnitude of genetic and environmental contributions to hay fever among young adult twins.
From the birth cohorts 1953-82 of The Danish Twin Registry 11,750 twin pairs were identified through a nationwide questionnaire survey. Subjects were regarded hay fever cases when responding affirmatively to the question 'Do you have, or have you ever had hay fever?' Latent factor models of genetic and environmental effects were fitted to the observed data using maximum likelihood methods.
The overall cumulative prevalence of hay fever was 12.6%. Identical twins were significantly more likely to be concordant for hay fever than were fraternal twins (P<0.001). Additive genetic effects accounted for 71% and non-shared environmental effects accounted for 29% of the individual susceptibility to hay fever. The same genes contributed to the susceptibility to hay fever both in males and in females. In families with asthma, the susceptibility to develop hay fever was, in addition to genes, to a great extent ascribable to family environment, whereas the aetiology of 'sporadic' hay fever was mainly genetic.
The susceptibility to develop hay fever is attributable to major genetic influences. However, effects of family environment and upbringing are also of importance in families where asthma is present. These results indicate that different sub-forms of hay fever may have different aetiologies.
患花粉热的易感性被认为是遗传和环境因素共同作用的结果。我们估计了遗传和环境因素对年轻成年双胞胎花粉热的影响程度和重要性。
通过全国性问卷调查，从丹麦双胞胎登记处1953 - 1982年出生队列中识别出11750对双胞胎。当受试者对“你是否患有或曾经患过花粉热？”这个问题回答为肯定时，即被视为花粉热病例。使用最大似然法对观察数据拟合遗传和环境效应的潜在因素模型。
花粉热的总体累积患病率为12.6%。同卵双胞胎比异卵双胞胎患花粉热的一致性显著更高（P<0.001）。加性遗传效应占个体对花粉热易感性的71%，非共享环境效应占29%。男性和女性对花粉热易感性的基因相同。在有哮喘的家庭中，除基因外，患花粉热的易感性在很大程度上归因于家庭环境，而“散发性”花粉热的病因主要是遗传因素。
患花粉热的易感性主要归因于遗传影响。然而，在有哮喘的家庭中，家庭环境和养育方式的影响也很重要。这些结果表明，不同亚型的花粉热可能有不同的病因。
