在用于酿酒的健康葡萄中检测到真菌和赭曲霉毒素A。
Fungi and ochratoxin A detected in healthy grapes for wine production.
作者信息
Serra R, Mendonça C, Venâncio A
机构信息
Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
出版信息
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2006 Jan;42(1):42-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01805.x.
AIMS
The mycoflora of healthy grapes (i.e. without visible symptoms of rot) for wine production in Portuguese wine-making regions was assessed and its potential for ochratoxin A (OTA) production evaluated. The OTA content of grapes was also determined.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A total of 386 fungal strains were isolated by plating methods. The most frequent genera found in grapes were non-ochratoxigenic species: Cladosporium (28%), Penicillium (24%), Botrytis (13%) and Aspergillus (9%). Two OTA-producing strains were isolated, belonging to the species Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus ochraceus. OTA was detected in three of four grape samples, up to 116 ng l(-1).
CONCLUSIONS
OTA is being produced in healthy berries by Aspergillus species, namely A. carbonarius, at levels below the maximum recommended limit of 2,000 ng l(-1) in wine.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The OTA concentration detected in healthy Portuguese grapes does not represent a risk to wine regarding the legal limit established.
目的
评估葡萄牙葡萄酒产区用于酿酒的健康葡萄（即无可见腐烂症状）的真菌菌群，并评估其产生赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的可能性。还测定了葡萄中的OTA含量。
方法与结果
通过平板接种法共分离出386株真菌菌株。葡萄中最常见的属为非产赭曲霉毒素的物种：枝孢属（28%）、青霉属（24%）、葡萄孢属（13%）和曲霉属（9%）。分离出两株产OTA的菌株，分别属于黑曲霉和赭曲霉。在四个葡萄样品中的三个中检测到了OTA，含量高达116 ng l(-1)。
结论
健康葡萄果实中存在曲霉属真菌（即黑曲霉）产生OTA的情况，其含量低于葡萄酒中2000 ng l(-1)的最大推荐限量。
研究的意义与影响
在葡萄牙健康葡萄中检测到的OTA浓度，就既定法律限值而言，对葡萄酒不构成风险。
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