Lasram Salma, Bellí Neus, Chebil Samir, Nahla Zghonda, Ahmed Mliki, Sanchis Vicente, Ghorbel Abdelwahed
Laboratoire de Physiologie Moléculaire de la Vigne, Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj Cédria, BP.901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2007 Mar 20;114(3):376-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.09.027. Epub 2006 Dec 28.
The occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) and the identification of the ochratoxigenic microbiota in Tunisian grapes were studied for the first time. Black aspergilli were the dominant genus among the filamentous fungi isolated from grapes and were the only potential OTA-producing fungi found. The most abundant species were member of Aspergillus niger aggregate (63%) and Aspergillus carbonarius (36%). Uniseriate aspergilli were rarely present (1%). Of the A. carbonarius isolates, 97% were OTA positive but only 3% of the A. niger aggregate isolates were OTA positive. During grape maturation, the frequency of black aspergilli increased due to increase of the numbers of A. carbonarius. Musts (n=24) obtained from grapes collected at the different sampling times were analyzed for their OTA content. Up to 37% of the musts contained OTA at levels varying between 0.59 and 2.57 microg/l. The amounts of OTA in musts increased as grapes matured. These results indicate that A. carbonarius is the main cause of OTA contamination of Tunisian grapes.
首次对突尼斯葡萄中赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的存在情况及产赭曲霉毒素微生物群进行了研究。黑曲霉是从葡萄中分离出的丝状真菌中的优势属，也是唯一被发现的潜在产OTA真菌。最常见的菌种是黑曲霉复合体成员（63%）和炭黑曲霉（36%）。单列曲霉很少见（1%）。在炭黑曲霉分离株中，97%为OTA阳性，但黑曲霉复合体分离株中只有3%为OTA阳性。在葡萄成熟过程中，由于炭黑曲霉菌数量增加，黑曲霉的出现频率升高。对在不同采样时间采集的葡萄所制得的葡萄汁（n = 24）进行了OTA含量分析。高达37%的葡萄汁含有OTA，含量在0.59至2.57微克/升之间变化。葡萄汁中的OTA含量随着葡萄成熟而增加。这些结果表明，炭黑曲霉是突尼斯葡萄OTA污染的主要原因。
