Lövdén Martin, Schellenbach Michael, Grossman-Hutter Barbara, Krüger Antonio, Lindenberger Ulman
Max Planck Institute for Human Development.
Saarland University.
Psychol Aging. 2005 Dec;20(4):683-694. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.20.4.683.
This study tests the hypothesis that aging-induced cognitive permeation of sensorimotor functions contributes to adult age differences in spatial navigation performance. Virtual maze-like museums were projected in front of a treadmill. Sixteen 20-30-year-old men and sixteen 60-70-year-old men performed a way-finding task in city-block or variable topographies while walking with or without support. Walking support attenuated age-related decrements in navigational learning. Navigation load increased trunk-angle variability for older adults only. Age differences in spatial knowledge persisted despite perfect place-finding performance. City-block topography was easier than variable topography for younger adults only, indicating age-related differences in reliance on spatial relational learning. Attempts at supporting older adults' navigation performance should consider sensorimotor/cognitive interactions and qualitative differences in navigational activity.
衰老引起的感觉运动功能的认知渗透导致了成年人在空间导航表现上的年龄差异。虚拟迷宫般的博物馆投影在跑步机前方。16名20至30岁的男性和16名60至70岁的男性在城市街区或可变地形中执行寻路任务，同时伴有或不伴有行走支撑。行走支撑减弱了与年龄相关的导航学习能力下降。仅对于老年人而言，导航负荷增加了躯干角度的变异性。尽管寻路表现完美，但空间知识方面的年龄差异依然存在。仅对于年轻人而言，城市街区地形比可变地形更容易，这表明在依赖空间关系学习方面存在与年龄相关的差异。支持老年人导航表现的尝试应考虑感觉运动/认知相互作用以及导航活动中的质性差异。
