Valerio Lluís, Milozzi Jordi, Figueredo Anna, Reina M Dolores, Martínez-Cuevas Octavi, Pérez-Quilez Olga
Unidad de Salud Internacional del Barcelonès Nord i Maresme, Sta Coloma de Gramenet, Institut Català de la Salut.
Med Clin (Barc). 2006 Jan 21;126(2):53-6. doi: 10.1157/13083568.
There is a general agreement to consider Asian Indian subjects, specially those who immigrated to Western countries, as a high-risk population to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This could be mainly explained by reasons based on the immigration changes, particularly the metabolic impact of a westernized diet (environmental hypothesis) or reasons based in the presence of tissue resistance to insulin (genetic hypothesis). The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of DM2 in 3 populations of Asian Indian immigrants, non-Asian Indian immigrants and autochthonous subjects.
An observational multicenter study was performed in 3 primary care centers from Santa Coloma de Gramenet (Barcelona, Spain). Subjects from Asian Indian, non-Asian Indian and autochthonous origin born between 1948-73 were compared. Their DM2 prevalence as well as sociodemographic and clinical data among diabetic patients were analyzed.
The overall prevalence of DM2 was 4.6 %. The prevalence of DM2 was higher among Asian Indian immigrants (20.9%, 95% CI, 12.1-29.1) compared with autochthonous (3.6%; 95% CI, 2.9-9.3; p < 0.001) and non-Asian Indian immigrants (9.7%; 95% CI, 5.3-14.1; p = 0.013). Nevertheless, differences between autochthonous and non-Asian Indian immigrants were found (p < 0.001). Asian Indians subjects had an earlier diagnosis age, especially those younger than 44 years, than those of non-Asian Indian immigrants and autochthonous groups (p < 0.002 and p < 0.006, respectively).
Taken together, these results suggest that young immigrant populations have a higher prevalence of DM2 compared with autochthonous ones. Indeed, the prevalence of DM2 among immigrant Asian Indians represents the highest reported in the European Union so far and shows differences with non-Asian Indian immigrants. In spite of this, these differences are not totally conclusive in statistical terms; further studies are needed to compare both populations.
人们普遍认为，亚洲印度裔人群，尤其是那些移民到西方国家的人，是患2型糖尿病（DM2）的高危人群。这主要可以通过基于移民变化的原因来解释，特别是西式饮食的代谢影响（环境假说），或者基于存在胰岛素组织抵抗的原因（遗传假说）。本研究的目的是估计亚洲印度裔移民、非亚洲印度裔移民和本地人群中DM2的患病率。
在西班牙巴塞罗那圣科洛马德格拉梅内特的3个初级保健中心进行了一项观察性多中心研究。比较了1948年至1973年间出生的亚洲印度裔、非亚洲印度裔和本地出身的受试者。分析了他们的DM2患病率以及糖尿病患者的社会人口学和临床数据。
DM2的总体患病率为4.6%。与本地人群（3.6%；95%可信区间，2.9 - 9.3；p < 0.001）和非亚洲印度裔移民（9.7%；95%可信区间，5.3 - 14.1；p = 0.013）相比，亚洲印度裔移民中DM2的患病率更高（20.9%，95%可信区间，12.1 - 29.1）。然而，发现本地人群和非亚洲印度裔移民之间存在差异（p < 0.001）。亚洲印度裔受试者的诊断年龄比非亚洲印度裔移民和本地人群更早，尤其是那些年龄小于44岁的人（分别为p < 0.002和p < 0.006）。
综上所述，这些结果表明，与本地人群相比，年轻移民人群中DM2的患病率更高。事实上，亚洲印度裔移民中DM2的患病率是迄今为止欧盟报道的最高患病率，并与非亚洲印度裔移民存在差异。尽管如此，从统计学角度来看，这些差异并不完全具有决定性；需要进一步研究来比较这两个人群。
