Sakai Joseph T, Mikulich-Gilbertson Susan K, Long Robert J, Crowley Thomas J
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Substance Dependence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jan;30(1):26-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00004.x.
To study the validity of transdermal assessment of alcohol concentration measured by a lightweight, noninvasive device.
Subjects wore a 227-g anklet that sensed transdermal alcohol concentrations (TACs) every 15 to 30 minutes, downloading results to a remote computer each day. Twenty-four subjects entered a laboratory and received a dose of 0, 0.28, or 0.56 g/kg of ethanol. Breath alcohol concentrations (BrAC) and TAC were measured every 15 to 30 minutes Twenty others [10 alcohol dependent (AD) and 10 not (NAD)] in the community who wore the anklet for 8 days kept a drinking log and provided a BrAC sample each day.
In the laboratory, no zero-dose subject, and every subject receiving alcohol, had alcohol-positive TACs. The device distinguished low- and high-alcohol-dosing groups using peak (t14 = 3.37; p < 0.01) and area under the curve (t14 = 3.42; p < 0.01) of TACs. Within dosing groups, average TAC curves were broader (right-shifted) and had lower peaks than average BrAC curves. For community participants, self-reported number of drinks (t18 = -3.77; p < 0.01), area under the TAC curve (t9.5 = -3.56; p < 0.01), and mean TAC (t9.9 = -3.35; p < 0.01) all significantly distinguished the AD and NAD groups. However, individual transdermal readings were not reliably quantitatively equivalent to simultaneously obtained breath results.
Within the limits of the laboratory study, the device consistently detected consumption of approximately 2 standard drinks. On average, the device shows discriminative validity as a semiquantitative measure of alcohol consumption but individual readings often are not equivalent to simultaneous BrACs.
研究一种轻便、无创设备经皮评估酒精浓度的有效性。
受试者佩戴一个227克的脚镯，每15至30分钟感应一次经皮酒精浓度（TAC），每天将结果下载到远程计算机。24名受试者进入实验室，接受0、0.28或0.56克/千克乙醇的剂量。每15至30分钟测量一次呼气酒精浓度（BrAC）和TAC。另外20名社区受试者[10名酒精依赖者（AD）和10名非酒精依赖者（NAD）]佩戴脚镯8天，记录饮酒日志并每天提供一份BrAC样本。
在实验室中，未接受酒精剂量的受试者以及每个接受酒精的受试者，TAC均为酒精阳性。该设备通过TAC的峰值（t14 = 3.37；p < 0.01）和曲线下面积（t14 = 3.42；p < 0.01）区分低酒精剂量组和高酒精剂量组。在剂量组内，平均TAC曲线更宽（右移）且峰值低于平均BrAC曲线。对于社区参与者，自我报告的饮酒量（t18 = -3.77；p < 0.01）、TAC曲线下面积（t9.5 = -3.56；p < 0.01）和平均TAC（t9.9 = -3.35；p < 0.01）均显著区分了AD组和NAD组。然而，个体经皮读数与同时获得的呼气结果在数量上并非可靠等效。
在实验室研究的范围内，该设备始终能检测到大约2标准杯的饮酒量。平均而言，该设备作为酒精摄入量的半定量测量方法具有判别效度，但个体读数通常与同时测量的BrAC不相等。
