Greeley J, Swift W, Heather N
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Australia.
Br J Addict. 1992 Jul;87(7):1005-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1992.tb03117.x.
Male drinkers (n = 45) were asked to rate their desire for a drink of alcohol when presented with the sight, smell and taste of their preferred alcoholic beverage and of a lemon cordial drink. The subjects' level of depressed affect on that day and their average daily consumption of alcohol over the last 30 days were measured prior to exposure to these cues. Both level of depressed affect and log of mean daily alcohol consumption predicted increased desire for alcohol when alcohol cues were present, accounting for 40% of the variance in desire. When presented with the lemon cordial cues only 14% of the variance in desire for alcohol was explained by these variables. Also, Spearman's rank order correlations were calculated between heavy drinkers' (n = 19) ratings of self-efficacy to resist drinking and desire for alcohol in the presence of the alcohol cues. There were significant negative correlations between desire for alcohol and self-efficacy ratings on the 'urges and temptations' and 'positive social situations' subscales of the Situational Confidence Questionnaire-39. Several alternative accounts of these findings are discussed.
45名男性饮酒者在看到、闻到和尝到他们喜欢的酒精饮料以及柠檬甜酒饮料时，被要求对饮酒欲望进行评分。在接触这些提示之前，测量了受试者当天的抑郁情绪水平以及过去30天的平均每日酒精消费量。抑郁情绪水平和平均每日酒精消费量的对数都预测了在出现酒精提示时对酒精的欲望增加，这两个因素解释了欲望差异的40%。当只呈现柠檬甜酒提示时，这些变量仅解释了对酒精欲望差异的14%。此外，还计算了重度饮酒者（n = 19）在酒精提示出现时抵抗饮酒的自我效能感评分与对酒精欲望之间的斯皮尔曼等级相关性。在情境信心问卷-39的“冲动与诱惑”和“积极社交情境”子量表上，对酒精的欲望与自我效能感评分之间存在显著的负相关。本文讨论了对这些发现的几种不同解释。
