de la Peña Eduardo, Echeverría Susana Rodríguez, van der Putten Wim H, Freitas Helena, Moens Maurice
CLO, Agricultural Research Centre, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 96, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
New Phytol. 2006;169(4):829-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01602.x.
Root-feeding herbivores can affect plant performance and the composition of natural plant communities, but there is little information about the mechanisms that control root herbivores in natural systems. This study explores the interactions between the pioneer dune grass Ammophila arenaria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the root-feeding nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. Our objectives were to determine whether AMF can suppress nematode infection and reproduction and to explore the mechanisms of nematode control by AMF. A sequential inoculation experiment and a split-root experiment were designed to analyse the importance of plant tolerance and resistance and of direct competition between AMF and P. penetrans for the root herbivore and the plant. Root infection and multiplication of P. penetrans were significantly reduced by the native inoculum of AMF. Plant preinoculation with AMF further decreased nematode colonization and reproduction. Nematode suppression by AMF did not occur through a systemic plant response but through local mechanisms. Our results suggest that AMF are crucial for the control of root-feeding nematodes in natural systems and illustrate that locally operating mechanisms are involved in this process.
根部取食的食草动物会影响植物的生长表现以及天然植物群落的组成，但关于自然系统中控制根部食草动物的机制，我们所知甚少。本研究探讨了先锋沙丘草沙蚕、丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）与根部取食线虫穿刺短体线虫之间的相互作用。我们的目标是确定AMF是否能够抑制线虫感染和繁殖，并探究AMF对线虫的控制机制。设计了一个顺序接种实验和一个分根实验，以分析植物耐受性和抗性以及AMF与穿刺短体线虫之间直接竞争对根部食草动物和植物的重要性。AMF的天然接种物显著降低了穿刺短体线虫的根部感染和繁殖。植物预先接种AMF进一步减少了线虫的定殖和繁殖。AMF对线虫 的抑制并非通过植物的系统反应，而是通过局部机制实现的。我们的结果表明，AMF对于自然系统中根部取食线虫 的控制至关重要，并表明局部作用机制参与了这一过程。
