Lax Paola, Passone María A, Becerra Alejandra G, Sosa Ana L, Ciancio Aurelio, Finetti-Sialer Mariella M, Rosso Laura C
Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina.
Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Nov 25;13:1046315. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1046315. eCollection 2022.
The genus , known as the false root-knot nematode, is native to the American continent and comprises polyphagous species adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions. Alone or in combination with other biotic and abiotic factors, spp. can cause significant economic yield losses on main food crops such as potato, sugar beet, tomato, pepper and bean, in South and North America. Although the genus distribution is restricted to the American continent, it has quarantine importance and is subject to international legislation to prevent its spread to other regions, such as the European Union. The management of spp. remains unsatisfactory due to the lack of information related to different aspects of its life cycle, survival stages in the soil and in plant material, a rapid and reliable diagnostic method for its detection and the insufficient source of resistant plant genotypes. Due to the high toxicity of chemical nematicides, the search for alternatives has been intensified. Therefore, this review reports findings on the application of environmentally benign treatments to manage spp. Biological control strategies, such as the use of different organisms (mainly bacteria, fungi and entomopathogenic nematodes) and other eco-compatible approaches (such as metabolites, essential oils, plant extracts, phytohormones and amendments), either alone or as part of a combined control strategy, are discussed. Knowledge of potential sources of resistance for genetic improvement for crops susceptible to spp. are also reported. The sustainable strategies outlined here offer immediate benefits, not only to counter the pathogen, but also as good alternatives to improve crop health and growth.
该属线虫被称为伪根结线虫，原产于美洲大陆，包含适应广泛气候条件的多食性物种。在南美洲和北美洲，该属线虫单独或与其他生物和非生物因素共同作用，会导致马铃薯、甜菜、番茄、辣椒和豆类等主要粮食作物的经济产量大幅损失。尽管该属线虫的分布仅限于美洲大陆，但它具有检疫重要性，并且受到国际法规的管制，以防止其传播到其他地区，如欧盟。由于缺乏关于其生命周期不同方面、在土壤和植物材料中的存活阶段、用于检测的快速可靠诊断方法以及抗性植物基因型来源不足等方面的信息，对该属线虫的管理仍不尽人意。由于化学杀线虫剂毒性高，人们加大了寻找替代方法的力度。因此，本综述报告了关于应用环境友好型处理方法来管理该属线虫的研究结果。文中讨论了生物防治策略，例如使用不同的生物体（主要是细菌、真菌和昆虫病原线虫）以及其他生态兼容方法（如代谢物、精油、植物提取物、植物激素和改良剂），这些方法可单独使用，也可作为综合防治策略的一部分。文中还报告了对该属线虫敏感作物进行遗传改良的潜在抗性来源的相关知识。这里概述的可持续策略不仅能立即对抗病原体，还是改善作物健康和生长的良好替代方法。
