Lalla Evanthia, Cheng Bin, Lal Shantanu, Tucker Sid, Greenberg Ellen, Goland Robin, Lamster Ira B
Division of Periodontics, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery, 630 W. 168th St., PH7E-110, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Diabetes Care. 2006 Feb;29(2):295-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.29.02.06.dc05-1355.
To evaluate the level of oral disease in children and adolescents with diabetes.
Dental caries and periodontal disease were clinically assessed in 182 children and adolescents (6-18 years of age) with diabetes and 160 nondiabetic control subjects.
There were no differences between case and control subjects with respect to dental caries. Children with diabetes had significantly higher plaque and gingival inflammation levels compared with control subjects. The number of teeth with evidence of attachment loss (the hallmark of periodontal disease) was significantly greater in children with diabetes (5.79 +/- 5.34 vs. 1.53 +/- 3.05 in control subjects, unadjusted P < 0.001). When controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, gingival bleeding, and frequency of dental visits, diabetes remained a highly significant correlate of periodontitis, especially in the 12- to 18-year-old subgroup. In the case group, BMI was significantly correlated with destruction of connective tissue attachment and bone, but duration of diabetes and mean HbA(1c) were not.
Our findings suggest that periodontal destruction can start very early in life in diabetes and becomes more prominent as children become adolescents. Programs designed to promote periodontal disease prevention and treatment should be provided to young patients with diabetes.
评估糖尿病儿童及青少年的口腔疾病水平。
对182名患有糖尿病的儿童及青少年（6 - 18岁）和160名非糖尿病对照者进行了龋齿和牙周疾病的临床评估。
病例组与对照组在龋齿方面无差异。与对照组相比，糖尿病患儿的菌斑和牙龈炎症水平显著更高。有附着丧失证据（牙周疾病的标志）的牙齿数量在糖尿病患儿中显著更多（5.79 ± 5.34，对照组为1.53 ± 3.05，未校正P < 0.001）。在控制年龄、性别、种族、牙龈出血和就诊频率后，糖尿病仍然是牙周炎的高度显著相关因素，尤其是在12至18岁亚组中。在病例组中，BMI与结缔组织附着和骨破坏显著相关，但糖尿病病程和平均糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）则不然。
我们的研究结果表明，糖尿病患者的牙周破坏在生命早期就可能开始，并且随着儿童成长为青少年而变得更加突出。应为糖尿病青少年患者提供旨在促进牙周疾病预防和治疗的项目。
