Barker Gary, Olukoya Adepeju, Aggleton Peter
Instituto PROMUNDO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2005 Oct-Dec;17(4):315-35. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2005.17.4.315.
This paper contributes to understanding of young people's help-seeking behaviour. A conceptual framework is proposed that seeks to integrate differing sources of influence and their implications for policy and programme development. Data was collected by means of an international literature review followed by a purposive international survey of expert informants. Findings suggest that it is important to distinguish between individual and structural determinants of young people's help-seeking behaviour. Policy and programme influences also impact upon the demand for help and the supply of social support that is available. It is important to focus on the normative needs of young people as well as specific health needs and problems. Creating trust, rethinking adult attitudes toward young people, and reducing the stigma associated with seeking help are key to promoting help-seeking behaviour. Many young people are hindered from seeking help, or are not offered help because of social exclusion, violence, poverty, prejudice (including homophobia) and gender inequalities. Future actions to promote help-seeking and enhance social support must consider these structural barriers, making special efforts to reach and work with excluded populations.
本文有助于理解年轻人的求助行为。提出了一个概念框架，旨在整合不同的影响来源及其对政策和项目发展的影响。数据收集通过国际文献综述，随后对专家 informant 进行有目的的国际调查。研究结果表明，区分年轻人求助行为的个体和结构决定因素很重要。政策和项目影响也会对求助需求和可用社会支持的供应产生影响。关注年轻人的规范需求以及特定的健康需求和问题很重要。建立信任、重新思考成年人对年轻人的态度以及减少与寻求帮助相关的耻辱感是促进求助行为的关键。许多年轻人因社会排斥、暴力、贫困、偏见（包括恐同症）和性别不平等而受阻于寻求帮助，或未得到帮助。未来促进求助和加强社会支持的行动必须考虑这些结构障碍，特别努力接触被排斥人群并与之合作。
