Kashdan Todd B, Elhai Jon D, Frueh B Christopher
Department of Psychology, MS 3F5, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2006 Mar;44(3):457-67. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.03.001.
We explored relationships between anhedonia and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters, including their role in predicting psychiatric comorbidity. Our measure of anhedonia was derived from an examination of the latent structure of the Beck Depression Inventory. We found evidence for a two-factor solution, leading to anhedonia and undifferentiated, global depressive symptoms scales. In primary analyses, anhedonia had a unique positive relationship with PTSD's emotional numbing symptoms and minimal relationships with other PTSD symptoms. Upon examining the incremental validity of appetitive functioning (i.e., anhedonia, emotional numbing) over and above aversive functioning (i.e., re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyper-arousal PTSD symptoms) variables, greater emotional numbing increased the likelihood of being diagnosed with a major depressive disorder, and greater anhedonia increased the likelihood of being diagnosed with additional anxiety disorders and to a lesser extent, psychotic disorders. Results were consistent with research on the distinction of appetitive and aversive functioning, providing insight into the nature of PTSD.
我们探究了快感缺失与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状群之间的关系，包括它们在预测精神共病方面的作用。我们对快感缺失的测量源自对贝克抑郁量表潜在结构的考察。我们发现了一个双因素解决方案的证据，由此产生了快感缺失量表和未分化的总体抑郁症状量表。在初步分析中，快感缺失与PTSD的情感麻木症状存在独特的正相关，与其他PTSD症状的关系则微乎其微。在考察了与厌恶功能（即PTSD的重新体验、回避和过度唤醒症状）变量相比，奖赏功能（即快感缺失、情感麻木）的增量效度后，更高程度的情感麻木增加了被诊断为重度抑郁症的可能性，而更高程度的快感缺失增加了被诊断为其他焦虑症的可能性，在较小程度上也增加了被诊断为精神障碍的可能性。研究结果与关于奖赏功能和厌恶功能区别的研究一致，为深入了解PTSD的本质提供了依据。
