Jackson Kristina M, Aiken Leona S
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, AZ, USA.
Health Psychol. 2006 Jan;25(1):34-46. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.25.1.34.
An appearance-based sun-protection intervention program was developed, implemented, and evaluated in a sample of 211 Caucasian women (ages 18-25) randomly assigned to the sun-protection program or to a stress management (control) program. The sun-protection program incorporated a novel construct of image norms of aspirational peers (i.e., female media figures, fashion models) approving paleness. The authors targeted these image norms as well as the advantages of tanning, health beliefs about photoaging and skin cancer, and self-efficacy for sun protection. The intervention produced significant differences across conditions favoring sun protection on all constructs but severity of skin cancer and barriers to sun protection. At follow-up, treatment participants exceeded controls both in intention to sun protect and sun-protective behavior and reported lower intention to sunbathe and fewer hours of sunbathing. A mediational model of intervention outcomes revealed distinct mediators for sun protection versus sunbathing.
我们开发、实施并评估了一项基于外观的防晒干预计划，该计划针对211名年龄在18至25岁之间的白人女性样本进行，她们被随机分配到防晒计划组或压力管理（对照组）计划组。防晒计划纳入了一种新颖的概念，即有抱负的同龄人（如女性媒体人物、时尚模特）认可白皙肤色的形象规范。作者针对这些形象规范以及晒黑的好处、对光老化和皮肤癌的健康认知，以及防晒的自我效能感展开研究。干预措施在所有指标上都产生了有利于防晒的显著差异，但在皮肤癌严重程度和防晒障碍方面除外。在随访中，接受治疗的参与者在防晒意图和防晒行为方面均超过了对照组，并且报告称晒日光浴的意图更低，晒日光浴的时间也更少。干预结果的中介模型揭示了防晒与晒日光浴的不同中介因素。
