Fowler Stephanie L, Klein William M P, Ball Linda, McGuire Jaclyn, Colditz Graham A, Waters Erika A
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (SLF, WMPK).
Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO (LB, JM, GAC, EAW).
Med Decis Making. 2017 Aug;37(6):657-669. doi: 10.1177/0272989X17699835. Epub 2017 Mar 31.
Internet-based cancer risk assessment tools might serve as a strategy for translating epidemiological risk prediction research into public health practice. Understanding how such tools affect key social-cognitive precursors of behavior change is crucial for leveraging their potential into effective interventions.
To test the effects of a publicly available, Internet-based, breast cancer risk assessment tool on social-cognitive precursors of physical activity.
Women (N = 132) aged 40-78 with no personal cancer history indicated their perceived risk of breast cancer and were randomly assigned to receive personalized ( www.yourdiseaserisk.wustl.edu ) or nonpersonalized breast cancer risk information. Immediately thereafter, breast cancer risk perceptions and physical activity-related behavioral intentions, self-efficacy, and response efficacy were assessed.
Personalized information elicited higher intentions, self-efficacy, and response efficacy than nonpersonalized information, P values < 0.05. Self-efficacy and response efficacy mediated the effect of personalizing information on intentions. Women who received personalized information corrected their inaccurate risk perceptions to some extent, P values < 0.05, but few fully accepted the information.
Internet-based risk assessment tools can produce beneficial effects on important social-cognitive precursors of behavior change, but lingering skepticism, possibly due to defensive processing, needs to be addressed before the effects can be maximized.
基于互联网的癌症风险评估工具可能是将流行病学风险预测研究转化为公共卫生实践的一种策略。了解此类工具如何影响行为改变的关键社会认知先兆对于将其潜力转化为有效干预措施至关重要。
测试一种公开可用的基于互联网的乳腺癌风险评估工具对身体活动的社会认知先兆的影响。
132名年龄在40 - 78岁且无个人癌症病史的女性表明了她们感知到的乳腺癌风险，并被随机分配接受个性化（www.yourdiseaserisk.wustl.edu）或非个性化的乳腺癌风险信息。此后立即评估乳腺癌风险认知以及与身体活动相关的行为意图、自我效能感和反应效能感。
个性化信息比非个性化信息引发了更高的意图、自我效能感和反应效能感，P值<0.05。自我效能感和反应效能感介导了信息个性化对意图的影响。收到个性化信息的女性在一定程度上纠正了她们不准确的风险认知，P值<0.05，但很少有人完全接受该信息。
基于互联网的风险评估工具可以对行为改变的重要社会认知先兆产生有益影响，但在效果最大化之前，可能由于防御性加工导致的持续怀疑态度需要得到解决。
