Coussons M E, Dykstra L A, Lysle D T
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3270.
J Neuroimmunol. 1992 Aug;39(3):219-30. doi: 10.1016/0165-5728(92)90256-k.
The present study provides the first demonstration that alterations of immune status can be conditioned to environmental stimuli paired with morphine administration. In the first manipulation, male Lewis rats received 0, 2, 4, 8 or 16 conditioning sessions during which a subcutaneous injection of morphine (15 mg/kg) was paired with a distinctive environment. The results showed that subsequent re-exposure to the distinctive environment induced a decrease in the mitogenic responsiveness of splenic lymphocytes and a decrease in natural killer cell activity in animals which had received 2, 4, 8 and 16 conditioning sessions. In the second manipulation, using two conditioning sessions, a wider range of immune measures was assessed and control groups were included to ascertain whether the observed immune alterations were due to Pavlovian conditioning processes. The results showed that the environment which had been paired with morphine altered the mitogenic responsiveness of blood and splenic lymphocytes, decreased natural killer cell activity and decreased interleukin-2 production. In contrast, the conditioned environment did not have any effect on mitogenic responsiveness of lymphocytes derived from the mesenteric lymph nodes. Data from the control groups revealed that the compartment-specific immune alterations were the result of a Pavlovian conditioning process.
本研究首次证明，免疫状态的改变可因与吗啡给药配对的环境刺激而形成条件反射。在首次操作中，雄性Lewis大鼠接受0、2、4、8或16次条件反射训练，在此期间，皮下注射吗啡（15毫克/千克）与一个独特的环境配对。结果显示，随后再次暴露于该独特环境时，接受2、4、8和16次条件反射训练的动物的脾淋巴细胞有丝分裂反应性降低，自然杀伤细胞活性下降。在第二次操作中，采用两次条件反射训练，评估了更广泛的免疫指标，并设置了对照组以确定观察到的免疫改变是否归因于经典条件反射过程。结果显示，与吗啡配对的环境改变了血液和脾淋巴细胞的有丝分裂反应性，降低了自然杀伤细胞活性，并减少了白细胞介素-2的产生。相比之下，条件环境对肠系膜淋巴结来源的淋巴细胞的有丝分裂反应性没有任何影响。对照组的数据表明，特定隔室的免疫改变是经典条件反射过程的结果。
