McGown A, Braithwaite V
Psychology Department, School of Applied Science, University of Canberra, Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 1992 Jul;17(7):822-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb02003.x.
This study examines the phenomenon of stereotyping informal caregivers' capacity to learn about the condition of stroke victims. Forty-nine nurses, 55 carers and 39 members of the general public gave their opinions on how emotional they considered six hypothetical wives of stroke patients to be and how much information they thought each wife would be able to absorb. Results indicated that nurses were more pessimistic than caregivers in their assessment of how much information could be absorbed, even though these two groups did not differ in their assessment of the emotionality of the wives. Nurses and the general public responded in accordance with the expected stereotype: those rated as being high in emotionality were less likely to absorb information. No such association emerged from the ratings of caregivers. The existence of the stereotype, particularly among health professionals, has serious implications for rehabilitation programmes and caregiver well-being, and provides an explanation for why caregivers sometimes feel neglected in medical settings.
本研究考察了对非正式照料者了解中风患者病情能力的刻板印象现象。49名护士、55名照料者和39名普通公众就他们认为中风患者的六位假设妻子的情绪状态如何，以及他们认为每位妻子能够吸收多少信息发表了意见。结果表明，尽管这两组人员对妻子情绪状态的评估没有差异，但护士在对可吸收信息量的评估上比照料者更为悲观。护士和普通公众的反应符合预期的刻板印象：那些被评为情绪性高的人吸收信息的可能性较小。照料者的评分中未出现这种关联。这种刻板印象的存在，尤其是在医疗专业人员中，对康复计划和照料者的幸福感具有严重影响，并解释了为什么照料者有时在医疗环境中会感到被忽视。
