Córdova Christopher A, Said Bishoy O, McCarley Robert W, Baxter Mark G, Chiba Andrea A, Strecker Robert E
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92053-0515, USA.
Sleep. 2006 Jan;29(1):69-76.
To develop a rodent model of the attentional dysfunction caused by sleep loss.
The attentional performance of rats was assessed after 4, 7, and 10 hours of total sleep deprivation on a 5-choice serial reaction time task, in which rats detect and respond to brief visual stimuli.
The rats were housed, sleep deprived, and behaviorally tested in a controlled laboratory setting.
Ten male Long-Evans rats were used in the study.
Rats were trained to criteria and subsequently tested in daily sessions of 100 trials at approximately 4:00 PM (lights on 8:00 AM-8:00 PM). Attentional performance was measured after 4, 7, 10 hours of total sleep deprivation induced by gentle handling.
Sleep deprivation produced a monotonic increase in response latencies across the 4-hour, 7-hour, and 10-hour deprivations. Sleep deprivation also led to increased omission errors, but the overall number of perseverative and premature responses was unchanged. Subgroups of rats were differentially affected in the number of omission errors and perseverative responses.
The effects of sleep deprivation on rats are compatible with a range of human findings on the effects of sleepiness on selective attention, psychomotor vigilance, and behavioral control. Rats also exhibited differential susceptibility to the effects of sleep deprivation, consistent with 'trait-like' susceptibility that has been found in humans. These findings indicate the feasibility of using the 5-choice serial reaction time task as an animal model for investigating the direct links between homeostatic sleep mechanisms and resulting attentional impairments within a single animal subject.
建立睡眠剥夺所致注意力功能障碍的啮齿动物模型。
在一项5选择连续反应时任务中，对大鼠进行4、7和10小时的完全睡眠剥夺后，评估其注意力表现，该任务中大鼠需检测并对短暂视觉刺激做出反应。
大鼠在可控的实验室环境中饲养、进行睡眠剥夺及行为测试。
本研究使用了10只雄性Long-Evans大鼠。
将大鼠训练至标准，随后在每天约下午4点（上午8点至晚上8点灯亮）进行100次试验的日常测试。在通过轻柔处理诱导4、7、10小时完全睡眠剥夺后，测量注意力表现。
在4小时、7小时和10小时的剥夺过程中，睡眠剥夺使反应潜伏期呈单调增加。睡眠剥夺还导致遗漏错误增加，但持续性和过早反应的总数未变。不同亚组大鼠在遗漏错误数量和持续性反应方面受到的影响不同。
睡眠剥夺对大鼠的影响与一系列关于困倦对选择性注意力、心理运动警觉性和行为控制影响的人类研究结果相符。大鼠对睡眠剥夺的影响也表现出不同的易感性，这与在人类中发现的“特质样”易感性一致。这些发现表明，使用5选择连续反应时任务作为动物模型来研究稳态睡眠机制与单个动物体内由此产生的注意力损伤之间的直接联系是可行的。
