Sorvari Jaana, Antikainen Riina, Pyy Outi
Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland.
Sci Total Environ. 2006 Jul 31;366(1):21-31. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.12.019. Epub 2006 Feb 3.
In Finland, shooting ranges are among the most common activities causing soil contamination. According to our study based on questionnaires and previous regional surveys, the total number of Finnish outdoor shooting ranges is between 2000 and 2500. Most of the ranges are small and only ca. 5% exceed 20 ha. Almost a third of the ranges can cause a groundwater pollution risk, while only few cause an immediate health risk. In the first instance, 50-60 shooting ranges identified as being high-risk areas should be investigated in detail. At present, the risk management options at Finnish shooting ranges are very limited. Hence, soil excavation combined with disposal is the most common remediation technique. Some of the remediation methods used in other countries have been proven unsuitable in Finnish conditions. Therefore, new, feasible, cost-effective and economical remediation technologies are needed. To exclude future contamination, a total ban of lead shot would be the most effective way.
在芬兰，射击场是造成土壤污染的最常见活动之一。根据我们基于问卷调查和以往区域调查的研究，芬兰户外射击场的总数在2000至2500个之间。大多数射击场规模较小，只有约5%的射击场面积超过20公顷。近三分之一的射击场可能会造成地下水污染风险，而只有少数会带来直接的健康风险。首先，应详细调查50 - 60个被确定为高风险区域的射击场。目前，芬兰射击场的风险管理选择非常有限。因此，土壤挖掘并结合处置是最常见的修复技术。其他国家使用的一些修复方法已被证明在芬兰的条件下不适用。因此，需要新的、可行的、具有成本效益和经济性的修复技术。为了排除未来的污染，全面禁止使用铅弹将是最有效的方法。
