Geris Regina, Malta Marcos, Soares Luar Aguiar, de Souza Neta Lourdes Cardoso, Pereira Natan Silva, Soares Miguel, Reis Vanessa da Silva, Pereira Madson de Godoi
Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street, N. 2555, Cabula, 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Jan 24;10(2):94. doi: 10.3390/jof10020094.
(1) Background: The frequency and intensity of war-like activities (war, military training, and shooting ranges) worldwide cause soil pollution by metals, metalloids, explosives, radionuclides, and herbicides. Despite this environmentally worrying scenario, soil decontamination in former war zones almost always involves incineration. Nevertheless, this practice is expensive, and its efficiency is suitable only for organic pollutants. Therefore, treating soils polluted by wars requires efficient and economically viable alternatives. In this sense, this manuscript reviews the status and knowledge gaps of mycoremediation. (2) Methods: The literature review consisted of searches on ScienceDirect and Web of Science for articles (1980 to 2023) on the mycoremediation of soils containing pollutants derived from war-like activities. (3) Results: This review highlighted that mycoremediation has many successful applications for removing all pollutants of war-like activities. However, the mycoremediation of soils in former war zones and those impacted by military training and shooting ranges is still very incipient, with most applications emphasizing explosives. (4) Conclusion: The mycoremediation of soils from conflict zones is an entirely open field of research, and the main challenge is to optimize experimental conditions on a field scale.
(1) 背景：全球范围内战争类活动（战争、军事训练和射击场）的频率和强度导致土壤受到金属、类金属、爆炸物、放射性核素和除草剂的污染。尽管存在这种令人担忧的环境状况，但前战区的土壤净化几乎总是涉及焚烧。然而，这种做法成本高昂，且其效率仅适用于有机污染物。因此，处理受战争污染的土壤需要高效且经济可行的替代方法。从这个意义上说，本手稿综述了真菌修复的现状和知识空白。(2) 方法：文献综述包括在科学Direct和科学网中搜索1980年至2023年关于对含有源自战争类活动污染物的土壤进行真菌修复的文章。(3) 结果：本综述强调真菌修复在去除战争类活动的所有污染物方面有许多成功应用。然而，前战区以及受军事训练和射击场影响地区的土壤真菌修复仍处于初期阶段，大多数应用侧重于爆炸物。(4) 结论：冲突地区土壤的真菌修复是一个完全开放的研究领域，主要挑战是在实地规模上优化实验条件。
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