Mor Gopal K, Shankar Karthik, Paulose Maggie, Varghese Oomman K, Grimes Craig A
Department of Electrical Engineering and Department of Material Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
Nano Lett. 2006 Feb;6(2):215-8. doi: 10.1021/nl052099j.
We describe the use of highly ordered transparent TiO(2) nanotube arrays in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Highly ordered nanotube arrays of 46-nm pore diameter, 17-nm wall thickness, and 360-nm length were grown perpendicular to a fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated glass substrate by anodic oxidation of a titanium thin film. After crystallization by an oxygen anneal, the nanotube arrays are treated with TiCl(4) to enhance the photogenerated current and then integrated into the DSC structure using a commercially available ruthenium-based dye. Although the negative electrode is only 360-nm-thick, under AM 1.5 illumination the generated photocurrent is 7.87 mA/cm(2), with a photocurrent efficiency of 2.9%. Voltage-decay measurements indicate that the highly ordered TiO(2) nanotube arrays, in comparison to nanoparticulate systems, have superior electron lifetimes and provide excellent pathways for electron percolation. Our results indicate that remarkable photoconversion efficiencies may be obtained, possibly to the ideal limit of approximately 31% for a single photosystem scheme, with an increase of the nanotube-array length to several micrometers.
我们描述了高度有序的透明二氧化钛（TiO₂）纳米管阵列在染料敏化太阳能电池（DSC）中的应用。通过对钛薄膜进行阳极氧化，在掺氟氧化锡涂层玻璃基板上垂直生长出孔径为46纳米、壁厚为17纳米、长度为360纳米的高度有序纳米管阵列。经氧气退火结晶后，纳米管阵列用四氯化钛处理以增强光生电流，然后使用市售的钌基染料集成到DSC结构中。尽管负极仅360纳米厚，但在AM 1.5光照下，产生的光电流为7.87 mA/cm²，光电流效率为2.9%。电压衰减测量表明，与纳米颗粒体系相比，高度有序的TiO₂纳米管阵列具有更长的电子寿命，并为电子渗流提供了优良的路径。我们的结果表明，通过将纳米管阵列长度增加到几微米，可能会获得显著的光转换效率，对于单光系统方案，可能接近约31%的理想极限。
